Stochastic finite-fault simulation of ground motion from the August 11, 2012, M w 6.4 Ahar earthquake, northwestern Iran

Heidari, Reza

doi:10.1007/s10950-015-9538-4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Following this earthquake, more than 20 villages have completely destroyed (Yaghmaei-Sabegh & Ruiz-Garc ıa 2016) and cities of Varzaghan, Ahar and Heriss suffered different levels of the damage. The earthquake killed 327 people, claimed more than 3000 injuries and left more than 30,000 homeless (Heidari 2016). Buildings in the stricken area experienced different levels of damage.…”

Section: Study Area Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GIS-based approach for earthquake loss estimation based on the immediate extraction of damaged buildings

Ranjbar

Dehghani

Ardalan

et al. 2016

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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2017) A GIS-based approach for earthquake loss estimation based on the immediate extraction of damaged buildings, Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 8:2, 772-791, ABSTRACTWith the remote sensing technology is possible to predict estimations of the expected number of killed or injured people. In this study, a loss estimation method is proposed by combining data from remote sensing technology and geographic information system (GIS). For the image processing, we assume the damage area with a rougher texture when compared with undamaged areas. Extracted textures were later considered as the decision-making basis for the building damage level determination. We prepared the GIS database with information on the land use, structural material and building occupancy. Considering the influence of time in the building occupancy, two periods were considered (activity and inactivity) for each land use. The model estimates casualties based on the population residing in each building and according to the time of the earthquake, structure material of each building and destruction percentage. The approach was tested on Ahar and Varzaghan cities of Iran using 0.5 m resolution pan-sharpened Geo-Eye 1 imagery. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) for the number of injured and killed people was determined, considering field teams' data and predicted data. RMSE for injured population was estimated in 0.040 and RMSE for fatal casualties was estimated in 0.025. KEYWORDSHigh spatial resolution satellite image; texture; fuzzy inference system; GENIE algorithm; casualty estimation model CONTACT Hamid Reza Ranjbar

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Section: Study Area Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GIS-based approach for earthquake loss estimation based on the immediate extraction of damaged buildings

Ranjbar

Dehghani

Ardalan

et al. 2016

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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“…The simulation algorithm requires reliable input‐model parameters to generate final shaking, which matches specific features of the region‐specific real records. Finite‐fault stochastic simulations are tested and verified for different parts of the world by previous studies in the literature from both seismological and engineering points of view 31–36 . Before ground motion simulations can be applied confidently in engineering domains, they must undergo thorough and rigorous analysis and validation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finite-fault stochastic simulations are tested and verified for different parts of the world by previous studies in the literature from both seismological and engineering points of view. [31][32][33][34][35][36] Before ground motion simulations can be applied confidently in engineering domains, they must undergo thorough and rigorous analysis and validation. A literature review reveals that stochastic ground motion simulations are considered and evaluated to estimate seismic demand for single-degree-of-freedom models 23,36 or multi-degree-of-freedom reinforced concrete and steel structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic simulation of earthquake ground motions for the seismic assessment of monumental masonry structures: Source‐based vs site‐based approaches

Karimzadeh,

Funari,

Szabó

et al. 2023

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters and have resulted in a massive number of fatalities and economic losses all over the world. Simulated ground motion records are valuable, particularly for regions lacking seismic stations or with a limited history of large‐magnitude earthquakes. Notably, a significant percentage of monumental masonry buildings are located in regions with limited access to real records; hence, simulated records play a paramount role in their seismic protection. However, few studies have investigated the structural response of heritage buildings via response history analyses to assess the performance of simulated earthquakes against real ones. To accomplish this, this study simulates the recorded time‐series of the 9th of July 1998 Faial earthquake in the Azores (Mw = 6.2) at four available stations, using two different simulation approaches, that is, a source‐based stochastic finite‐fault method and a site‐based broadband stochastic method. First, two masonry facades with sidewalls characterized by different slenderness levels are adopted to conduct this research. Moreover, the proposed approach is also applied to an existing monumental structure, that is, São Francisco Church, located at Horta, which was affected by damage during the Faial earthquake. Results demonstrate that both simulation approaches provide similar results in terms of structural response prediction. The proposed framework also demonstrates that a small mismatch in terms of predicted damage patterns can result in a significant relative error in terms of displacement predictions.

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“…The low frequencies, which are solved mostly by deterministic methods, need precise source and velocity models (e.g., [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]). On the other hand, incoherency of the phase angles can be modeled using stochastic approaches (e.g., [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]). In order to model the broadband frequency range, hybrid ground motion simulation techniques are introduced (e.g., [29][30][31][32][33]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismological and Engineering Demand Misfits for Evaluating Simulated Ground Motion Records

Karimzadeh

2019

Applied Sciences

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Simulated ground motions have recently gained more attention in seismology and earthquake engineering. Since different characteristics of waveforms are expected to influence alternative structural response parameters, evaluation of simulations, for key components of seismological and engineering points of view is necessary. When seismological aspect is of concern, consideration of a representative set of ground motion parameters is imperative. Besides, to test the applicability of simulations in earthquake engineering, structural demand parameters should simultaneously cover a descriptive set. Herein, simulations are evaluated through comparison of seismological against engineering misfits, individually defined in terms of log-scale misfit and goodness-of-fit score. For numerical investigations, stochastically simulated records of three earthquakes are considered: The 1992 Erzincan-Turkey, 1999 Duzce-Turkey and 2009 L’Aquila-Italy events. For misfit evaluation, seismological parameters include amplitude, duration and frequency content, while engineering parameters contain spectral acceleration, velocity and seismic input energy. Overall, the same trend between both misfits is observed. All misfits for Erzincan and Duzce located on basins are larger than those corresponding to L’Aquila mostly placed on stiff sites. The engineering misfits, particularly in terms of input energy measures, are larger than seismological misfits. In summary, the proposed misfit evaluation methodology seems useful to evaluate simulations for engineering practice.

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Stochastic finite-fault simulation of ground motion from the August 11, 2012, M w 6.4 Ahar earthquake, northwestern Iran

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

A GIS-based approach for earthquake loss estimation based on the immediate extraction of damaged buildings

A GIS-based approach for earthquake loss estimation based on the immediate extraction of damaged buildings

Stochastic simulation of earthquake ground motions for the seismic assessment of monumental masonry structures: Source‐based vs site‐based approaches

Seismological and Engineering Demand Misfits for Evaluating Simulated Ground Motion Records

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