Stochastic Evaluation of Landscapes Transformed by Renewable Energy Installations and Civil Works

Sargentis, G.-Fivos; Dimitriadis, Panayiotis; Ioannidis, Romanos; Iliopoulou, Theano; Koutsoyiannis, Demetris

doi:10.3390/en12142817

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, even the single simulation of the system based on historical data is reflective of the effect of the scale of the system on both reliability, pertaining to minimizing the energy required from the grid, and profit, estimated from the process of buying and selling energy to the grid and assuming the present energy prices. Additional considerations on the scale of the system should take into account both potential conflicting uses of the available spaces as well as aesthetic issues relating to the potential degradation of the landscape (Sargentis et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also note that the selected areas have limited traffic and are not used for short-term parking. Not considering effects from dust accumulation and dynamic or static shading, the overall annual efficiency of similar set-ups has been estimated as 8.6 % (Shekhar et al, 2015). In this work, in order to account for shading from moving cars and increased concentration of dust, the capacity factor is slightly reduced to 7 %.…”

Section: Scenario 3: Solar Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar-powered bus route: introducing renewable energy into a university campus transport system

Ioannidis

Iliopoulou

et al. 2019

Adv. Geosci.

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Abstract. We investigate the application of a solar-powered bus route to a small-scale transportation system, as such of a university campus. In particular, we explore the prospect of replacing conventional fossil fuel buses by electric buses powered by solar energy and electricity provided by the central grid. To this end, we employ GIS mapping technology to estimate the solar radiation at the university campus and, accordingly, we investigate three different scenarios for harnessing the available solar power: (1) solar panels installed on the roof of bus stop shelters, (2) solar panels installed at an unused open space in the university, and (3) solar roads, i.e. roads constructed by photovoltaic (PV) materials. For each of the three scenarios, we investigate the optimal technical configuration, the resulting energy generation, as well as the capital cost for application in the case of NTUA campus in Athens (Greece). The preliminary feasibility analysis showcases that all three scenarios contribute to satisfying transportation demand, proportionately to their size, with scenario (2) presenting the lowest capital cost in relation to energy generation. Therefore, we further explore this scenario by simulating its daily operation including the actions of buying and selling energy to the central grid, when there is energy deficit or surplus, respectively. A sensitivity analysis is carried out in order to ascertain the optimal size of the solar panel installation in relation to profit and reliability. Overall, results indicate that, albeit the high capital costs, solar-powered transportation schemes present a viable alternative for replacing conventional buses at the studied location, especially considering conventional PV panels. We note that present results heavily depend on the choice of capacity factors of PV materials, which differ among technologies. Yet, as capacity factors of PV panels are currently increasing, the studied schemes might be more promising in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scenario 3: Solar Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar-powered bus route: introducing renewable energy into a university campus transport system

Ioannidis

Iliopoulou

et al. 2019

Adv. Geosci.

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“…A stochastic computational tool abbreviated 2D-C [54,55] is used to study the clustering in 2D space, using images from various sources. 2D-C measures the degree of variability (change in variability vs. scale) in images.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method has been introduced in the evaluation of the aesthetic of art paintings and landscape [54,55], so in order to exam the impact of clustering of MFP, we will see the following example.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape Planning of Infrastructure through Focus Points’ Clustering Analysis. Case Study: Plastiras Artificial Lake (Greece)

et al. 2021

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Even though landscape quality is largely a subjective issue, the integration of infrastructure into landscapes has been identified as a key element of sustainability. In a spatial planning context, the landscape impacts that are generated by infrastructures are commonly quantified through visibility analysis. In this study, we develop a new method of visibility analysis and apply it in a case study of a reservoir (Plastiras dam in Greece). The methodology combines common visibility analysis with a stochastic tool for visual-impacts evaluation; points that generate high visual contrasts in landscapes are considered Focus Points (FPs) and their clustering in landscapes is analyzed trying to answer two questions: (1) How does the clustering of Focus Points (FPs) impact the aesthetic value of the landscape? (2) How can the visual impacts of these FPs be evaluated? Visual clustering is calculated utilizing a stochastic analysis of generated Zones of Theoretical Visibility. Based on the results, we argue that if the visual effect of groups of FPs is positive, then the optimal sitting of FPs should be in the direction of faint clustering, whereas if the effect is negative, the optimal sitting of FPs should be directed to intense clustering. In order to optimize the landscape integration of infrastructure, this method could be a useful analytical tool for environmental impact assessment or a monitoring tool for a project’s managing authorities. This is demonstrated through the case study of Plastiras’ reservoir, where the clustering of positively perceived FPs is found to be an overlooked attribute of its perception as a highly sustainable infrastructure project.

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“…A stochastic computational tool called 2D-Climacogram, abbreviated as 2D-C [38,39], is used to study the clustering in 2D space, using images from various sources. 2D-C measures the degree of variability (change in variability vs. scale) in images using stochastic analysis.…”

Section: Stochastic Analysis Of Clustering In 2d Space: the 2d-c Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Clustering Quantified by a Stochastic Method—Case Studies on Natural and Human Social Structures

et al. 2020

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Clustering structures appearing from small to large scales are ubiquitous in the physical world. Interestingly, clustering structures are omnipresent in human history too, ranging from the mere organization of life in societies (e.g., urbanization) to the development of large-scale infrastructure and policies for meeting organizational needs. Indeed, in its struggle for survival and progress, mankind has perpetually sought the benefits of unions. At the same time, it is acknowledged that as the scale of the projects grows, the cost of the delivered products is reduced while their quantities are maximized. Thus, large-scale infrastructures and policies are considered advantageous and are constantly being pursued at even great scales. This work develops a general method to quantify the temporal evolution of clustering, using a stochastic computational tool called 2D-C, which is applicable for the study of both natural and human social spatial structures. As case studies, the evolution of the structure of the universe, of ecosystems and of human clustering structures such as urbanization, are investigated using novel sources of spatial information. Results suggest the clear existence both of periods of clustering and declustering in the natural world and in the human social structures; yet clustering is the general trend. In view of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, societal challenges arising from large-scale clustering structures are discussed.

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Stochastic Evaluation of Landscapes Transformed by Renewable Energy Installations and Civil Works

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Solar-powered bus route: introducing renewable energy into a university campus transport system

Solar-powered bus route: introducing renewable energy into a university campus transport system

Landscape Planning of Infrastructure through Focus Points’ Clustering Analysis. Case Study: Plastiras Artificial Lake (Greece)

Evolution of Clustering Quantified by a Stochastic Method—Case Studies on Natural and Human Social Structures

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