“…In recent years, many advances have been reported in cryogenics, particularly for cryocoolers, that have led to an expansion of their potential applications, and even to new application areas, such as in superconducting devices [1,2], IR sensors [3][4][5], compact magnetic resonance magnets [6], and various medical and space applications [7][8][9]. Among the cryocoolers reported, pulse tube coolers (PTCs) are of special interest.…”