Stir bar sorptive extraction and its application

He, Man; Wang, Yuxin; Zhang, Qiulin; Zang, Lijuan; Chen, Beibei; Hu, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461810

Cited by 80 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Absolute Recovery % = 4.2977487 + 22.823041 × Log Κow -3.1343544 × (Log Κow-2.737) 2 This equation is valid for any analyte possessing a logKow value between 0.3 and 5.07, and majority of the analytes we generally encounter fall in this range. During the FPSE method development exercises, it is recommended that an analyst select the 3 best FPSE method development exercises can be carried out using a conventional onefactor-at-a-time (One FAT) approach or using a chemometric design of experiment approach.…”

Section: Selection Of Fpse Sorbent Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As can be inferred from Equation (2), the mass of the analyte extracted by the FPSE membrane (n) is directly proportional to the volume of the extracting sorbent and is independent of the sample volume. As such, the value of n can be increased by increasing the volume of the extracting sorbent if the initial concentration of the analyte(s) (C o ) is kept constant [7].…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When an analytical or bioanalytical chemist is presented with a sample for analysis, regardless of the nature of the sample, a number of important decisions must be made such as which chromatographic/electrophoretic instrument will be used and what the sample preparation strategy would be, among others. Unless the analyst is imposed with some regulatory restrictions, the analyst may independently decide as to whether a solvent based extraction technique (e.g., liquid-liquid extraction, liquid phase microextraction) or a sorbent based extraction technique (e.g., solid phase extraction, solid phase microextraction, stir bar sorptive extraction) [1][2][3] will be deployed. If the goals of the sample preparation are to achieve highly selective extraction of the target analytes as well as to minimize the matrix interference, the obvious choice would be sorbent-based extraction techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: A Paradigm Shift Approach in Analytical and Bioanalytical Sample Preparation

Kabir

Samanidou

2021

Molecules

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Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) is an evolutionary sample preparation approach which was introduced in 2014, meeting all green analytical chemistry (GAC) requirements by implementing a natural or synthetic permeable and flexible fabric substrate to host a chemically coated sol–gel organic–inorganic hybrid sorbent in the form of an ultra-thin coating. This construction results in a versatile, fast, and sensitive micro-extraction device. The user-friendly FPSE membrane allows direct extraction of analytes with no sample modification, thus eliminating/minimizing the sample pre-treatment steps, which are not only time consuming, but are also considered the primary source of major analyte loss. Sol–gel sorbent-coated FPSE membranes possess high chemical, solvent, and thermal stability due to the strong covalent bonding between the fabric substrate and the sol–gel sorbent coating. Subsequent to the extraction on FPSE membrane, a wide range of organic solvents can be used in a small volume to exhaustively back-extract the analytes after FPSE process, leading to a high preconcentration factor. In most cases, no solvent evaporation and sample reconstitution are necessary. In addition to the extensive simplification of the sample preparation workflow, FPSE has also innovatively combined the extraction principle of two major, yet competing sample preparation techniques: solid phase extraction (SPE) with its characteristic exhaustive extraction, and solid phase microextraction (SPME) with its characteristic equilibrium driven extraction mechanism. Furthermore, FPSE has offered the most comprehensive cache of sorbent chemistry by successfully combining almost all of the sorbents traditionally used exclusively in either SPE or in SPME. FPSE is the first sample preparation technique to exploit the substrate surface chemistry that complements the overall selectivity and the extraction efficiency of the device. As such, FPSE indeed represents a paradigm shift approach in analytical/bioanalytical sample preparation. Furthermore, an FPSE membrane can be used as an SPME fiber or as an SPE disk for sample preparation, owing to its special geometric advantage. So far, FPSE has overwhelmingly attracted the interest of the separation scientist community, and many analytical scientists have been developing new methodologies by implementing this cutting-edge technique for the extraction and determination of many analytes at their trace and ultra-trace level concentrations in environmental samples as well as in food, pharmaceutical, and biological samples. FPSE offers a total sample preparation solution by providing neutral, cation exchanger, anion exchanger, mixed mode cation exchanger, mixed mode anion exchanger, zwitterionic, and mixed mode zwitterionic sorbents to deal with any analyte regardless of its polarity, ionic state, or the sample matrix where it resides. Herein we present the theoretical background, synthesis, mechanisms of extraction and desorption, the types of sorbents, and the main applications of FPSE so far according to different sample categories, and to briefly show the progress, advantages, and the main principles of the proposed technique.

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Section: Selection Of Fpse Sorbent Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: A Paradigm Shift Approach in Analytical and Bioanalytical Sample Preparation

Kabir

Samanidou

2021

Molecules

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“…The main applications of SBSE are described in Table 7 . There is a wide variety of materials used for sorptive extraction; one of the most common sorptive extraction phases is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), among the two others commercially available, which are polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyether sulfone (PES)-coated stir bars [ 53 ]. However, it is universally acknowledged that the development of new coatings for stir bars is desired, which affects the selectivity, dynamics, and recovery of the SBSE-based method.…”

Section: Nanomaterials As Sorbents For Extraction Of Organic Environm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosorbents as Materials for Extraction Processes of Environmental Contaminants and Others

2022

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The aim of this work focuses on the application of nanomaterials (NMs) in different sorptive extraction techniques for the analysis of organic contaminants from environmental samples of distinct matrix compositions. Without any doubt, the integration of specific NMs such as carbonaceous nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), silica nanoparticles, and ion-imprinted NPs with solid-phase extraction techniques counting d-SPE, solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) impact on the improvements in analytical performance. The application of NMs as sorbents in the extraction of organic pollutants in environmental samples allows for providing better sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and reusability.

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“…In particular, SBSE has many merits such as high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and short extraction time. However, the main drawback of this technique is that most of available commercial coatings are based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) [ 19 , 20 ], which exhibited limited selectivity, slow extraction kinetics, and low extraction efficiency for these compounds. Therefore, the need for developing novel and advanced stir bar coating materials with a high affinity toward estrogens, thus improving the selectivity and widening the applicability of SBSE, is of great interest [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of hybrid monoliths incorporating metal–organic frameworks for stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with liquid chromatography for determination of estrogen endocrine disruptors in water and human urine samples

Zatrochová

Martínez-Pérez-Cejuela

Catalá-Icardo

et al. 2022

Microchim Acta

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A novel coating based on hybrid monolith with metal–organic framework (MOF) onto conventional Teflon-coated magnetic stir bars was developed. For this purpose, the external surface of the Teflon stir bar was firstly vinylized in order to immobilize a glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)–based polymer onto the magnet. Then, an amino-modified MOF of type MIL-101 (NH2-MIL-101(Al)) was covalently attached to the GMA-based monolith. After the synthesis process, several parameters affecting extraction of target estrogens by stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) including pH, ionic strength, extraction time, stirring rate, desorption solvent, and desorption time were also investigated. The resulting hybrid monolith was evaluated as SBSE sorbent for extraction of three estrogens (estrone, 17β-estradiol, estriol) and synthetic 17β-ethinylestradiol from water and human urine samples followed by HPLC with fluorescence detection (excitation and emission wavelengths, 280 and 310 nm, respectively). Under the optimal experimental conditions, the analytical figures of the method were established, achieving satisfactory limits of detection in the range of 0.015–0.58 µg L−1, recovery results ranging from 70 to 95% with RSD less than 6%, and precision values (intra- and inter-extraction units) below 6%. Graphical abstract

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Stir bar sorptive extraction and its application

Cited by 80 publications

References 138 publications

Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: A Paradigm Shift Approach in Analytical and Bioanalytical Sample Preparation

Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: A Paradigm Shift Approach in Analytical and Bioanalytical Sample Preparation

Nanosorbents as Materials for Extraction Processes of Environmental Contaminants and Others

Development of hybrid monoliths incorporating metal–organic frameworks for stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with liquid chromatography for determination of estrogen endocrine disruptors in water and human urine samples

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