Stimulus and response prediction in choice reaction time: Free vs. forced reactions

Hinrichs, James V.; Suelzer, Michael T.

doi:10.3758/bf03208297

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…For example, a response to red after predicting green is faster than after predicting oor 1 because the first case involves backtracking to the color switch whereas the second case involves retracing to the top of the decision tree. Our findings confirm previous data indicating that response facilitation is not a significant component of the correct-prediction effect (e.g., Hinrichs & Craft, 1971a;Hinrichs & Krainz, 1970;Hinrichs & Suelzer, 1978). That is, our subjects responded faster following a correct prediction than following an incorrect prediction because they predicted the stimulus or its category correctly, and not because they predicted the response correctly.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This correct-prediction effect is, of course, well established (e.g., Bernstein & Reese, 1965;Hinrichs & Krainz, 1970;Hinrichs & Suelzer, 1978). A most interesting finding emerged from our analysis of incorrect predictions in the stimulus-prediction block.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…One approach (e.g., Hinrichs & Craft, 1971a;Hinrichs & Krainz, 1970;Hinrichs & Suelzer, 1978) involves having subjects predict an upcoming stimulus prior to its appearance, thus establishing an expectancy on each trial. The other approach (e.g., LaBerge, Van Gelder, & Yellott, 1970) involves having the experimenter present a cue indicating that a particular stimulus has a high probability of being presented on a given trial.…”

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The effect of prediction accuracy on choice reaction time

Simon

Craft

1989

Mem Cogn

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In this study, we examined the effect of prediction accuracy on reaction time CRT). Subjects performed on three blocks of choice RT trials, all of which involved the mappmg of four stimuli (red, green, 1, or 0) onto two response keys. The subjects were told that the four stimuli were equally probable and that their task was to respond to each stimulus onset by pressing the correct key. In one block (stimulus-prediction), the subjects predicted, prior to each trial, the precise stimulus that would appear. In a second block (category-prediction), the subjects predicted the category of the stimulus (i.e., color or digit) that would appear. In a third block (no-prediction), the subjects simply responded to each stimulus without making a prior prediction. In the stimulusprediction block, RT was faster for correct predictions than for incorrect predictions. In addition, RT was faster on trials in which an incorrect prediction involved the correct category than on trials in which it involved the incorrect category: that is, a "half-wrong" prediction was better than an "all-wrong" prediction. In the category-prediction block, RT was faster when the stimulus category was predicted correctly than when it was not. There was little evidence of a responsefacilitation contribution to the correct-prediction effect. These results permit inferences concerning the encoding and organization of information in memory.The present study was designed to examine the effect of prediction accuracy on choice reaction time (RT). The general objective was to better understand the representation and organization of information in memory. Because RT provides a measure of the time required to retrieve information from memory, it can provide useful clues regarding how that information is encoded and organized (e

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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confidence: 99%

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