Stimulatory role of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in gastrointestinal motility through myoelectromechanical coordination in cats

Yoon, Sung Hyun; Sim, Sang-Soo; Hahn, Sang-June; Rhie, Duck-Joo; Jo, Yang-Hyeok; Kim, Myung-Suk

doi:10.1016/0165-1838(95)00090-9

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The central linear nucleus is hypothesized to play a role in the sleep‐wake state of the organism (Trulson et al, 1981). AR‐IR nuclei were additionally observed in the dorsal motor vagus nucleus, consistent with previous results in the mouse (Mukudai et al, 2016; Yoon et al, 1996). The retrotrapezoid nucleus, a regulator of respiration automaticity, also contained a dense distribution of AR‐IR nuclei (Guyenet et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Androgen receptors in areas of the spinal cord and brainstem: A study in adult male cats

et al. 2021

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Sex hormones, including androgens and estrogens, play an important role in autonomic, reproductive and sexual behavior. The areas that are important in these behaviors lie within the spinal cord and brainstem. Relevant dysfunctional behavior in patients with altered androgen availability or androgen receptor sensitivity might be explained by the distribution of androgens and their receptors in the central nervous system. We hypothesize that autonomic dysfunction is correlated with the androgen sensitivity of spinal cord and brainstem areas responsible for autonomic functions. In this study, androgen receptor immunoreactive (AR‐IR) nuclei in the spinal cord and brainstem were studied using the androgen receptor antibody PG21 in four uncastrated young adult male cats. A dense distribution of AR‐IR nuclei was detected in the superior layers of the dorsal horn, including lamina I. Intensely stained nuclei, but less densely distributed, were found in lamina X and preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic cells of the intermediolateral cell column. Areas in the caudal brainstem showing a high density of AR‐IR nuclei included the area postrema, the dorsal motor vagus nucleus and the retrotrapezoid nucleus. More cranially, the central linear nucleus in the pons contained a dense distribution of AR‐IR nuclei. The mesencephalic periaqueductal gray (PAG) showed a dense distribution of AR‐IR nuclei apart from the most central part of the PAG directly adjacent to the ependymal lining. Other areas in the mesencephalon with a dense distribution of AR‐IR nuclei were the dorsal raphe nucleus, the retrorubral nucleus, the substantia nigra and the ventral tegmental area of Tsai. It is concluded that AR‐IR nuclei are located in specific areas of the central nervous system that are involved in the control of sensory function and autonomic behavior. Furthermore, damage of these AR‐IR areas might explain related dysfunction in humans.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Androgen receptors in areas of the spinal cord and brainstem: A study in adult male cats

et al. 2021

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“…GABAA and NMDA receptors are colocalized within DMV neurons projecting to the stomach [12]. Microinjection of glutamate into the DMV enhanced gastric motility [13–15]. On the other hand, microinjection of GABAA antagonists, bicuculline, into the DMV induces dose-dependent increases in gastric motility and secretion [16–18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMDA Receptors of Gastric-Projecting Neurons in the Dorsal Motor Nucleus of the Vagus Mediate the Regulation of Gastric Emptying by EA at Weishu (BL21)

Zhang

Cheng

Jing

et al. 2012

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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A large number of studies have been conducted to explore the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) for the treatment of gastrointestinal motility. While several lines of evidence addressed the basic mechanism of EA on gastrointestinal motility regarding effects of limb and abdomen points, the mechanism for effects of the back points on gastric motility still remains unclear. Here we report that the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist kynurenic acid inhibited the gastric emptying increase induced by high-intensity EA at BL21 and agonist NMDA enhanced the effect of the same treatment. EA at BL21 enhanced NMDAR, but not AMPA receptor (AMPAR) component of miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) in gastric-projecting neurons of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). In sum, our data demonstrate an important role of NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission of gastric-projecting DMV neurons in mediating EA at BL21-induced enhancement of gastric emptying.

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“…Glutamate stimulates gastric motor activities (Yoon et al, 1996) mediated, in part, through N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors (Travagli et al, 1991; Willis et al, 1996; Sivarao et al, 1999) in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNV), which provides parasympathetic innervation of thoracic and abdominal visceral organs (Izzo et al, 1993; Yoon et al, 1996; Sivarao et al, 1999; Powley et al, 2001). The DMNV receives direct projections from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) (Saper et al, 1976; Swanson and Kuypers, 1980), a higher center integrating neuroendocrine and autonomic mechanisms (Swanson and Sawchenko, 1980).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural localization of serotonin 2A and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors in somata and dendrites of single neurons within rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus

Huang

Pickel

2002

J of Comparative Neurology

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Both glutamate and serotonin are potent modulators of autonomic functions involving the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNV) at the level of the area postrema. Moreover, many of the dendrites in this NTS region express both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and serotonin (5HT) 2A receptors, and some of these dendrites may arise from the adjacent DMNV. Thus, single neurons in DMNV may also express both receptors. To test this hypothesis, we used electron microscopic immunocytochemistry for dual localization of the essential R1 subunit of the NMDA receptor (NR1) and the 5HT2A receptor in rat intermediate DMNV, a region serving mainly gastrointestinal functions. Gold particles representing NR1 and peroxidase reaction product for 5HT2A receptors were seen in the cytoplasm, as well as on distinct segments of the plasma membrane of many dendrites. Of the NR1-labeled dendrites, 31% (254/814) also contained 5HT2A immunoreactivity; among the 5HT2A-labeled dendrites, 52% (254/485) expressed NR1. The 5HT2A labeling was also present in numerous small unmyelinated axons, axon terminals, and glial processes. These profiles were largely without NR1 immunoreactivity, although NR1 was detected in some of the dendrites postsynaptic to 5HT2A-labeled terminals. Our results suggest that calcium entry through NMDA channels and 5HT2A receptor activation may dramatically affect postsynaptic excitability of single neurons in the DMNV. In addition, the findings also indicate that the 5HT2A receptor is strategically positioned for involvement in modulation of the presynaptic release of neurotransmitters affecting the postsynaptic activity of DMNV neurons responsive to NMDA activation.

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Stimulatory role of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in gastrointestinal motility through myoelectromechanical coordination in cats

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Androgen receptors in areas of the spinal cord and brainstem: A study in adult male cats

Androgen receptors in areas of the spinal cord and brainstem: A study in adult male cats

NMDA Receptors of Gastric-Projecting Neurons in the Dorsal Motor Nucleus of the Vagus Mediate the Regulation of Gastric Emptying by EA at Weishu (BL21)

Ultrastructural localization of serotonin 2A and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors in somata and dendrites of single neurons within rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus

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