Stimulatory Action of Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors on Hematopoiesis: A Review

Abstract

Abstract:The presented review summarizes experimental data obtained with a mouse model when investigating the relationship between inhibition of prostaglandin production and hematopoiesis. While prostaglandin E 2 acts in a negative feedback control of myelopoiesis, inhibition of cyclooxygenases, responsible for its production, shifts the feedback to positive control. Based on these relationships, agents inhibiting cyclo-oxygenases, known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can activate hematopoiesis and be protective or curative under myelosuppressive states. The effectiveness of therapeutic use of NSAIDs in these situations is expressive especially under the selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), when undesirable side effects of cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition, like gastrointestinal damage, are absent. The effects of the clinically approved selective COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, were investigated and demonstrated significant hematopoiesis-stimulating and survival-enhancing actions of this drug in sublethally or lethally γ-irradiated mice. These effects were connected with the ability of meloxicam to increase serum levels of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. It can be inferred from these findings that selective COX-2 inhibitors might find their use in the treatment of myelosuppressions of various etiologies.

Oxidation of fatty acids are associated with Russian wheat aphid resistance in wheat

“…Indomethacin is an inhibitor of prostanoid biosynthesis (Hofer et al 2012). After 72 hours of infestation, plants were cut off just above the ground and placed in a solution of 20 µg.mL -1 indomethacin.…”

“…Fever, inflammation, pain and beyond: prostanoid receptor research during these 25 years. Indomethacin is a nonselective inhibitor of COX and is used in the medical industry to inhibit prostanoid biosynthesis, thereby reducing the effects caused by prostanoids (Hofer et al 2012).…”

A Proof-of-Concept Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of Intralesional Diclofenac in the Treatment of Cutaneous Neurofibromas

“…Nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs including diclofenac are most commonly used in inflammatory diseases, since they are effective in management of pain, fever, redness and edema arising as a consequence of inflammatory mediator release [16] [17]. In mice, they are capable of stimulating proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, to enhance bone marrow and splenic hematopoiesis, and bone marrow erythropoiesis [18].…”

Pharmacological Modulation of Radiation Damage. Does It Exist a Chance for Other Substances than Hematopoietic Growth Factors and Cytokines?

“…However, administration of non-selective COX inhibitors has also been connected to the occurrence of a rather high incidence and intensity of undesirable side effects, especially on the gastrointestinal tissues [ 90 ], and a reduced survival of lethally irradiated animals [ 91 , 92 ]. Numerous details on the effects of non-selective COX inhibitors in irradiated animals can be found in an earlier detailed review [ 93 ].…”