Stimulation over the cerebellum with a regular figure-of-eight coil induces reduced motor cortex inhibition in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy

Benussi, Alberto; Dell’Era, Valentina; Cantoni, Valentina; Turrone, Rosanna; Padovani, Alessandro; Alberici, Antonella; Cotelli, Maria Sofia; Rizzetti, Cristina; Padovani, Alessandro; Borroni, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2019.05.017

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The outcome of the work showed significant differences of PSP patients when compared with DLB,CBS, DLB and healthy patients. Each group consisted of 15-26 patients (34). In a work highlighting the use of TMS as method of increasing cerebellarbrain inhibition, authors concluded that it may be used as a treatment of speech and postural disturbances in PSP.…”

Section: Additional Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy—Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P)—A Clinical Challenge at the Boundaries of PSP and Parkinson's Disease (PD)

et al. 2020

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Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Parkinson's Disease (PD), especially in their early stages, show overlapping clinical manifestations. The criteria for the diagnosis of PSP, released in 2017, indicate four basic features of the disease-postural instability (P), akinesia (A), oculomotor dysfunction (O) and cognitive and lingual disorders (C), which clarify the interpretation of the disease. There is growing interest in the second most common variant of PSP-parkinsonism predominant PSP-P. It is observed in up to 35% of cases. The diagnosis of PSP-P requires the presence of akinetic-rigid predominantly axial and levodopa resistant parkinsonism (A2) or parkinsonism with tremor and/or asymmetric and/or levodopa responsive (A3). The development of supplementary methods of examination added new insights to observations related to PSP-P. Among the methods recently analyzed are freezing of swallowing and speech breathing assessment, transcranial sonography, and various methods using magnetic resonance imaging, such as pons/midbrain area ratio and magnetic resonance parkinsonism index (MRPI), fractional anisotropy or mean diffusivity. The proper examination of overlapping parkinsonian syndromes, regardless of the development of the method of examination, remains an incompletely explored issue. The aim of this review is to elucidate which factors may be interpreted as influential in the differential diagnosis of PSP-P, PSP-RS and postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) subtype of Parkinson's disease (PD).

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Section: Additional Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy—Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P)—A Clinical Challenge at the Boundaries of PSP and Parkinson's Disease (PD)

et al. 2020

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“…These studies have provided the basis for establishing objective biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease monitoring. Among them, the cerebellar inhibition protocol (CBI) has been shown to be particularly useful as a physiologic biomarker, as it appears to correlate with the improvement observed in clinical outcome measures [36][37][38][39]. The CBI protocol assesses the physiological inhibitory tone that the cerebellum exerts onto the primary motor cortex (M1), and has been shown to be impaired in cerebellar ataxias [36,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Tms Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Cerebellar Stimulation in Neurodegenerative Ataxia: A Literature Review

Benussi

Pascual‐Leone

Borroni

2020

IJMS

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Cerebellar ataxias are a heterogenous group of degenerative disorders for which we currently lack effective and disease-modifying interventions. The field of non-invasive brain stimulation has made much progress in the development of specific stimulation protocols to modulate cerebellar excitability and try to restore the physiological activity of the cerebellum in patients with ataxia. In light of limited evidence-based pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options for patients with ataxia, several different non-invasive brain stimulation protocols have emerged, particularly employing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) techniques. In this review, we summarize the most relevant rTMS and tDCS therapeutic trials and discuss their implications in the care of patients with degenerative ataxias.

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“…174 Moreover, tDCS restored intracortical connectivity measures, evaluated with TMS, which have been shown to be impaired early in the disease course. [175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191] Interestingly researchers found that presymptomatic mutation carriers improved in cognitive tests after tDCS. 175 tDCS has been found to enhance theory of mind, the ability to understand and predict other people's behavior by attributing independent mental states to them, in patients with bvFTD.…”

Section: Transcranial Direct and Alternate Current Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Disease-Modifying Agents for Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

Giunta¹,

Solje²,

Gardoni³

et al. 2021

JEP

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Frontotemporal dementia is a clinically, genetically and pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder, enclosing a wide range of different pathological entities, associated with the accumulation of proteins such as tau and TPD-43. Characterized by a high hereditability, mutations in three main genes, MAPT, GRN and C9orf72, can drive the neurodegenerative process. The connection between different genes and proteinopathies through specific mechanisms has shed light on the pathophysiology of the disease, leading to the identification of potential pharmacological targets. New experimental strategies are emerging, in both preclinical and clinical settings, which focus on small molecules rather than gene therapy. In this review, we provide an insight into the aberrant mechanisms leading to FTLD-related proteinopathies and discuss recent therapies with the potential to ameliorate neurodegeneration and disease progression.

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Stimulation over the cerebellum with a regular figure-of-eight coil induces reduced motor cortex inhibition in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy

Cited by 23 publications

References 61 publications

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy—Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P)—A Clinical Challenge at the Boundaries of PSP and Parkinson's Disease (PD)

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy—Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P)—A Clinical Challenge at the Boundaries of PSP and Parkinson's Disease (PD)

Non-Invasive Cerebellar Stimulation in Neurodegenerative Ataxia: A Literature Review

Experimental Disease-Modifying Agents for Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

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