Stimulation of transplanted 3‐methylcholanthrene‐induced sarcomas in mice by specific immune and by normal serum

Biddle, C.

doi:10.1002/ijc.2910170611

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Serum from tumour-bearing animals abolished the protective effect of splenectomy. Biddle (1976) has recently reported similar findings using BI x C3H mice and a syngeneic methylcholanthrene-induced tumour. He showed that serum from tumour-bearing mice, when mixed with specific tumour cells before inoculation into syngeneic recipients that had been crippled immunologically by adult thymectomy and whole-body irradiation, was able to enhance the growth of transplanted tumour, as measured by the size of the subcutaneous nodule 6 weeks later.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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Increased resistance in splenectomized mice to a methylcholanthrene-induced tumour

Chang¹,

Turk²

1977

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Prior splenectomy increased the resistance of BALB/c mice to a syngeneic methylcholanthrene-induced ascitic tumour inoculated i.p. The survival rate of splenectomized mice was 81-60/ while those of normal and sham-operated controls were 11.5%O and 20% respectively. The effect of splenectomy, however, was seen only within the dose range of 103 to 104 tumour cells. This effect of splenectomy was abolished by the transfer to mice of serum from tumour-bearing mice, and of spleen cells from normal donors, immediately after the inoculation of tumour cells. Cellfree ascitic fluid did not abolish the effect of splenectomy. The findings suggest that there is a subpopulation of spleen cells which produces a tumour growth enhancing factor which is found in the serum of tumour-bearing mice. IN recent years, various investigatorshave shown a renewed interest in the role of the spleen in the immune response to tumours, as the spleen is a relatively rare site for metastases when compared to the rest of the reticulo-endothelial system (Willis, 1973). In vivo experiments to examine the effect of splenectomy on the behaviour of tumours used several different criteria. Thus various workers have examined the effect of splenectomy on (a) the incidence of spontaneously arising tumours (Whitmore, Salerno and Rabstein, 1972; Check et al., 1974); (b) the induction of tumours by chemical carcinogens (Cohen, Headley and Bryan, 1973;Akamatsu, 1975); (c) the incidence of spontaneouis regression of tumours (Pollack, 1971;Ferrer and Mihich, 1968); and (d) the behaviour of transplanted tumours (Moller, 1965; Sjogren, 1973, 1974). The results of these investigations suggest that although splenectomy has no effect on the incidence of spointaneous tumours, or oni the induction of tumours by chemical carcinogens, it reduces the rate of growth of transplanted tumours, and may increase the incidence of spontaneous regression of tumours. However, several criticisms may be made of these reports. The behaviour of transplanted tumours has been followed by measurement of the size of the tumour nodule, a parameter whose significance is difficult to interpret. Furthermore, the effect of splenectomy on the survival of animals with transplanted tumours has not been reported, or has found to be negligible.Using survival as the criterion, we present evidence here that prior splenectomy increases the host resistance to a transplanted tumour. We have also followed the behaviour of the transplanted tumour, by determining the rate of ascites formation and also bv tumour cell counts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The adsorption of serum blocking factors by incubation with specific tumour cells has recently been reported (Biddle, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased resistance in splenectomized mice to a methylcholanthrene-induced tumour

Chang¹,

Turk²

1977

Br J Cancer

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“…Work in a variety of laboratories has shown that the net effect of the complex immune response to cancer cells may sometimes be growth stimulation rather than inhibition (Prehn, 1972;Medina and Heppner, 1973;Fidler, 1973;Jeejeebhoy, 1974;Kall and Hellstrom, 1975;Bray and Keast, 1975;Ilfeld et al, 1973;Bartholomaeus et al, 1974;Shearer, 1973;Prehn, L. M., 1976;Murasko and Lausch, 1974;Biddle, 1976;Norbury, 1977). Although the immunostimulation phenomenon, as demonstrated against transplantable tumors either in vivo or in vitro, has given rise to considerable speculation concerning the possible stimulatory role of immunity in oncogenesis, there has been no direct evidence to support these speculations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunostimulation of chemical oncogenesis in the mouse

Prehn

1977

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Past work has demonstrated, both in vivo and in vitro, that a weak immune reaction can stimulate rather than inhibit the growth of many transplantable tumors. It was therefore predicted that animals with a weak immunological capacity would be more susceptible t o tumor induction than would those with either a minimal o r a maximal capacity. X-rayed, thymectomized mice were inoculated with various numbers of normal syngeneic spleen cells and were subsequently exposed t o various degrees of oncogenic stimulus by 3-methylcholanthrene in the f o r m of subcutaneous wafers. As expected, it was found that among animals exposed t o a high oncogenic stimulus, the sarcoma incidence was significantly higher among those animals that had received small numbers (lo4) of spleen cells than among those that had either received none (0) o r the maximal number (lo'). I n contrast, when the oncogenic stimulus was low, the tumor incidence was the same i n all groups regardless of the numbers of spleen cells the animals had received. Since the average immunogenicity of sarcomas has been shown t o be directly related t o the concentration of the chemical oncogen and inversely t o the tumor latency, it can be inferred that the higher tumor incidence associated with lo4 spleen cells i n the experiments with a high oncogenic stimulus probably depended upon the immunogenicities of the induced tumors and was therefore consistent with an immunostimulation of oncogenesis.Work in a variety of laboratories has shown that the net effect of the complex immune response to cancer cells may sometimes be growth stimulation rather than inhibition (

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Tumor Antigens

Hellström¹,

Brown²

1979

The Antigens

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Stimulation of transplanted 3‐methylcholanthrene‐induced sarcomas in mice by specific immune and by normal serum

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Increased resistance in splenectomized mice to a methylcholanthrene-induced tumour

Increased resistance in splenectomized mice to a methylcholanthrene-induced tumour

Immunostimulation of chemical oncogenesis in the mouse

Tumor Antigens

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