Stimulation of insulin and glucagon secretion in organ culture of chick endocrine pancreas during embryonic life and after hatching

Foltzer, C.; Haffen, K; Kédinger, Michèle; Mialhe, P

doi:10.1016/0016-6480(82)90223-4

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Specifically regarding regulation of glucose metabolism through insulin signaling, chickens and humans both produce a single form of insulin, while rats and mice secrete two (Perler et al, 1980). Despite differences between the effect of insulin in chickens and mammals, the mechanism of pancreatic insulin release by calcium-mediated exocytosis is similar (Flotzer et al, 1982;King and Hazelwood, 1976;Naber and Hazelwood, 1977). Transplanting embryonic chick pancreas in mice has also been successful in reversing experimentally induced diabetes (Eloy et al, 1979).…”

Section: Biomedicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chickens from lines artificially selected for juvenile low and high body weight differ in glucose homeostasis and pancreas physiology

Sumners

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2014

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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Early pancreatectomy experiments performed in ducks and pigeons at the end of the 19 th century revealed that avians, unlike mammals, do not display signs of diabetes. Relative to mammals, birds are considered hyperglycemic, displaying fasting blood glucose concentrations twice that of a normal human. While circulating levels of insulin are similar in avians and mammals, and structure and function of the insulin receptor are also conserved among vertebrate species, birds do not experience deleterious effects of chronic hyperglycemia as observed in mammals. Understanding avian glucose homeostasis, particularly in chickens, has both agricultural and biomedical implications.Improvement of feed efficiency and accelerated growth in poultry may come from a greater understanding of the physiological processes associated with glucose utilization in muscle and fat. The chicken has also recently been recognized as an attractive model for human diabetes, where there is a great need for preventative and therapeutic strategies.The link between type 2 diabetes and obesity, coupled with the inherent hyperglycemic nature of chickens, make chickens artificially selected for juvenile low (LWS) and high (HWS) body weight a favorable model for investigating glucose regulation and pancreas physiology. Oral glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity tests revealed differences in threshold sensitivity to insulin and glucose clearance rate between the lines. Results from real-time PCR showed greater pancreatic mRNA expression of four glucose regulatory genes (preproinsulin, PPI; preproglucagon, PPG; glucose transporter 2, GLUT2; and iii pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1, Pdx1) in LWS, than HWS chickens. Histological analysis of pancreas revealed that HWS chickens have larger pancreatic islets, less pancreatic islet mass, and more pancreatic inflammation than LWS chickens, all of which presumably contribute to impaired glucose metabolism. In summary, results suggest that at selection age, there are differences in pancreas physiology that may explain the differences in glucose regulation between LWS and HWS. These data pave the way for future studies aimed at understanding the developmental regulation of endocrine pancreas function in chickens, as well as how aging affects homeostatic control of blood glucose in chickens.

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Section: Biomedicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chickens from lines artificially selected for juvenile low and high body weight differ in glucose homeostasis and pancreas physiology

Sumners

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2014

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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“…Previous in vitro studies on avian pancreas are few, the most comprehensive being that of Foltzer et al (1982). The latter authors carefully isolated the splenic lobe from 15-or 18-day incubated chick embryos and cultured these on stainless steel grids in a serumcontaining medium for a maximum of 5 days.…”

Section: In Vitro Studies On Avian Pancreas Donementioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenesis and differentiation of the avian endocrine pancreas, with particular reference to experimental studies on the chick embryo

Rawdon

1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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“…High levels of normal blood glucose in birds and insufficient insulin response to glucose by islets from 4-to 6-week-old chicks have been reported [19]. However, our blood glucose measurements in embryonic chicks up to 15 days after hatching [12], and previous studies on metabolic hormone profile in embryonic and posthatch chicks [42], have shown a gradual increase in blood glucose levels [9,43,44]. Therefore, we examined glucose response and function of B islets isolated from 5-6 day old chick pancreas [45].…”

Section: Usability Of Chick Pancreatic Islets To Screen For Insulin Smentioning

confidence: 47%

“…In spite of these lifestyle and metabolic differences, similarities have been reported between avian and mammalian insulin secretory mechanisms [8][9][10], and the structure of insulin [8][9][10]30]. Unlike rodents which have two pre-proinsulin genes [30], humans and chickens have a single pre-proinsulin gene, indicating similarities in prepancreatic expression characteristics [31].…”

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling Chick to Assess Diabetes Pathogenesis and Treatment

Datar¹,

Bhonde²

2011

Rev Diabet Stud

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■ AbstractAnimal models have been used extensively in diabetes research. Studies on animal models have contributed to the discovery and purification of insulin, development of new therapeutic approaches, and progress in fundamental and clinical research. However, conventional rodent and large animal mammalian models face ethical, practical, or technical limitations. Therefore, it would be beneficial developing an alternative model for diabetes research which would overcome these limitations. Amongst other vertebrates, birds are phylogenically closer to mammals, and amongst birds, the chick has been used as one of the favored models in developmental biology, toxicology, cancer research, immunology, and drug testing. Chicken eggs are readily available, have a short incubation period and easily accessible embryos. Based on these inimitable advantages, the present review article aims to discuss the suitability of the chick as a model system to study specific aspects of diabetes. The review focuses on the application of i) chick pancreatic islets for screening of antidiabetic agents and for islet banking, (ii) shell-less chick embryo culture as a model to study hyperglycemia-induced malformations observed in mammalian embryos, and (iii) chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) to examine glucose-induced endothelial damage leading to inhibition of angiogenesis.

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Stimulation of insulin and glucagon secretion in organ culture of chick endocrine pancreas during embryonic life and after hatching

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Chickens from lines artificially selected for juvenile low and high body weight differ in glucose homeostasis and pancreas physiology

Chickens from lines artificially selected for juvenile low and high body weight differ in glucose homeostasis and pancreas physiology

Morphogenesis and differentiation of the avian endocrine pancreas, with particular reference to experimental studies on the chick embryo

Modeling Chick to Assess Diabetes Pathogenesis and Treatment

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