Stimulation of gonadal steroid synthesis by chronic excess of adrenocorticotropin in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency.

Vierhapper, H.; Nowotny, Peter; Waldhäusl, W.

doi:10.1172/jci112405

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Quantification of excreted steroids with individual standardization for each steroid [11, 12] was done by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode and after electric fragmentation using an HP 5973 MSD equipped with a 25 m/ 0.2 mm/0.12 µm CB5 fused-silica column. Dihydrotestosterone, progesterone and THE were used as internal standards to assess the quality of the respective derivatization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Steroid Excretion Rates in Acromegaly

Vierhapper¹,

Nowotny²,

Waldhäusl³

2005

Horm Res Paediatr

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Using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, urinary excretion rates of cortisol, cortisone and of various steroid metabolites were determined in 35 acromegalic patients (18 men, 17 women) and in 45 age- and weight-matched controls. The ratio of excreted cortisol/cortisone was similar in acromegalics (0.75 ± 0.20) and in controls (0.75 ± 0.24). Hence, the preponderance of the main cortisone-derived metabolite, tetrahydrocortisone, over the main metabolites of cortisol (tetrahydrocortisol and allotetrahydrocortisol; p < 0.01), which was seen both in female and in male acromegalics and which was directly correlated with the postglucose concentrations of growth hormone (r = 0.508, p < 0.01), suggests a decreased activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in acromegaly. Furthermore, the preponderance of etiocholanolone over androsterone (p < 0.01) in men (though not in women) with acromegaly – the ratio androsterone/etiocholanolone being negatively correlated with the serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor type 1 (r = –0.406, p < 0.05) – suggests a relatively reduced activity of hepatic 5α-reductase in male acromegalics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Steroid Excretion Rates in Acromegaly

Vierhapper¹,

Nowotny²,

Waldhäusl³

2005

Horm Res Paediatr

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“…Urine samples were processed as reported previously (12, 13). Quantification of excreted steroids with individual standardization for each steroid was done by GC‐MS in selected ion monitoring mode and after electric fragmentation using an HP 5973 MSD (Hewlett Packard, Palo Alto, CA) equipped with a 25‐m CB5 fused‐silica column.…”

Section: Research Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protocol was approved by the local ethics committee and was carefully explained to each participant in terms of aims and the possible risks. On the day of the investigation, each patient provided a 24‐hour urine sample for the determination of urinary steroid excretion rates (12, 13). In accordance with previous investigations in healthy individuals (14, 15, 16), an indwelling catheter was inserted into an antecubital vein, and a constant (40 mL/h) intravenous infusion of 1a, 2a‐d‐cortisol (2.0 mg in 500 mL 0.9% saline) was started at 8 am.…”

Section: Research Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production Rates of Cortisol in Obesity

2004

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VIERHAPPER, HEINRICH, PETER NOWOTNY, AND WERNER WALDHÄ USL. Production rates of cortisol in obesity. Obes Res. 2004;12:1421-1425. Objective: To determine the metabolic clearance rates (MCRs) and endogenous production rates (PRs) of cortisol (F) in grades 2 and 3 obese men (n ϭ 9) and women (n ϭ 6). Research Methods and Procedures:The MCRs and the endogenous PRs of cortisol (F) were determined in grades 2 and 3 obese men (n ϭ 9) and women (n ϭ 6) using the stable isotope dilution technique and mass spectrometry. Results: In obese women, endogenous PRs of F (0.6 Ϯ 0.4 mg/h) were similar to those of nonobese women, but MCRs of F were higher in obese women (9 Ϯ 4 L/h) compared with nonobese women (5 ϩ 2 L/h; p Ͻ 0.05). The MCR of F was correlated with the ratio of excreted cortisone to F metabolites. Furthermore, obese women were characterized by an increased ratio of androsterone to etiocholanolone (p Ͻ 0.01). In obese men, the MCRs (11 Ϯ 6 L/h) and the endogenous PRs of F (0.6 Ϯ 0.3 mg/h) were both similar to those of nonobese men, but the MCR of F was directly correlated with the ratio of excreted cortisone to F metabolites (r ϭ 0.7833, p ϭ 0.012). Discussion: These data demonstrate sex-specific differences in F metabolism in obesity. The rise in MCRs of F is more pronounced in obese women than in men. However, the increase in the MCR of F is moderate in both genders and exceeds the normal range only in a subgroup of obese individuals.

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“…Urine samples were processed as reported previously (14, 15). Quantification of excreted steroids with individual standardization for each steroid was done by GC/MS in selective ion monitoring mode and after electric fragmentation using an HP 5973 MSD equipped with a 25‐m CB5 fused‐silica column.…”

Section: Research Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐specific Difference in the Interconversion of Cortisol and Cortisone in Men and Women

Vierhapper

Heinze

Nowotny

2007

Obesity

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VIERHAPPER, HEINRICH, GEORG HEINZE, AND PETER NOWOTNY. Sex-specific difference in the interconversion of cortisol and cortisone in men and women. Obesity. 2007;15:820 -824. Objective: Our objective was to demonstrate that the smaller oxoreductase activity of 11␤-HSD1 in women would shift the interconversion of cortisol and cortisone toward cortisone, resulting in a larger amount of generated labeled cortisone in healthy women than in healthy men. Research Methods and Procedures:Using mass spectrometry, the amount of cortisone generated from a continuous infusion (8 AM to 6 PM) of stable-labeled cortisol (1␣,2␣-dcortisol) was determined in non-obese and in obese (BMI Ͼ35 kg/m 2 ) men and women during steady-state conditions (from 2 PM to 6 PM). In this setting, the amount of generated labeled cortisone (expressed as % of the achieved steadystate concentrations of labeled cortisol) reflects the sum of the bi-directional conversion of cortisol into cortisone (and vice versa) by 11␤-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Results: The amount of generated labeled cortisone was higher in men than in women (p Ͻ 0.0001). This sex difference was higher in obese than in non-obese patients (p ϭ 0.0062). Conclusions:The interconversion of cortisol and cortisone during steady-state conditions is shifted toward cortisol in men as compared with women. This suggests a higher overall oxoreductase activity of 11␤-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in men than in women. This sex-specific difference is maintained in obesity.

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Stimulation of gonadal steroid synthesis by chronic excess of adrenocorticotropin in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency.

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Urinary Steroid Excretion Rates in Acromegaly

Urinary Steroid Excretion Rates in Acromegaly

Production Rates of Cortisol in Obesity

Sex‐specific Difference in the Interconversion of Cortisol and Cortisone in Men and Women

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