Stimulation of Gene Transfection by Silicon Nanowire Arrays Modified with Polyethylenimine

Pan, Jingjing; Lyu, Zhonglin; Jiang, Wenwen; Wang, Hongwei; Liu, Qi; Tan, Min; Lin, Yuan; Hong, Chen

doi:10.1021/am5036626

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Cells on vertically aligned high aspect ratio nanostructures (HARNs) has been an area of great research interest in recent years . Examples include surface‐based delivery of molecules to cells aided by the nanostructures, intracellular electrical measurements, capture of circulating tumor cells, induction of stem cell phenotypes, intracellular sensing, site‐specific cellular imaging, stimulation of cell mechanotransduction machinery or controlling the geometry of in vitro neuronal networks …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Nanopillar Arrays on Fibroblast Motility, Adhesion, and Migration Mechanisms

Beckwith

Ullmann

Vinje

et al. 2019

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of cell mechanotransduction machinery [23] or controlling the geometry of in vitro neuronal networks. [24] Recently arrays of SU-8 nanopillars were employed to demonstrate that in contrast to previous measurements the highest cell traction forces are not generated at the cell periphery, but instead are associated with perinuclear adhesions. [25] In a different report an ultraflexible GaAs nanowire array was used as a nanomechanical biosensor to probe cell-induced forces by living cells with a resolution of 50 piconewton. [26] An attempt to control the geometry of in vitro cultivated neuronal cells revealed that the cytoskeleton dynamics at the axon shaft in primary hippocampal rat neurons were changed when cultivated on hard poly(dimethylsiloxane) nanopillar arrays, which in turn lead to enhanced formation of axon collateral branches. [27] An example of in vivo application is provided by Tang et al. who apply vertically oriented Au-TiO 2 nanowire arrays as artificial photoreceptors which restore functional and behavioral light sensitivity in blind mice. [28] Despite the range of applications, there is still much unknown about how cells are influenced by HARNs. High viability and reduced spreading area of adherent cells is often reported. [29] Arrays of nanowires have been shown to inhibit fibroblast migration with longer nanowires having a stronger effect, [30] while small patches of nanopillars inhibited neuronal cell migration. [31] Reduced spreading of cells on HARN arrays has been reported, [16,32] as well as altered expression of genes related to the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion. [33,34] It has also been demonstrated that the cell membrane is able to wrap tightly over HARNs while maintaining membrane integrity. [35][36][37] Careful investigations of the membrane integrity in cardiomyocyte-like HL-1 cells and Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) on a variety of nanostructures by Dipalo et al. showed that vertical nanostructures can spontaneously penetrate the cellular membrane only in rare cases and under specific conditions. [35] Local membrane curvature can act as a biochemical signal for endocytic proteins, and HARNs which induced sites of positive membrane curvature were found to be hot spots for clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), as determined by preferential accumulation of CME-related proteins at these sites. [38,39] Nanopillars were also applied for controlled probing of nuclear mechanical properties. [40] In that report, the mechanism of nuclear deformation was linked to adhesive actin patches associating with the nanopillars, pulling the nucleus down, as well Surfaces decorated with high aspect ratio nanostructures are a promising tool to study cellular processes and design novel devices to control cellular behavior. However, little is known about the dynamics of cellular phenomenon such as adhesion, spreading, and migration on such surfaces. In particular, how these are influenced by the surface properties. In this work, fibroblast behavior is investigated on regular arrays of 1 µm high polym...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Nanopillar Arrays on Fibroblast Motility, Adhesion, and Migration Mechanisms

Beckwith

Ullmann

Vinje

et al. 2019

Small

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“…Arrays of electrically contacted NSs have been used to locally electroporate and measure action potentials for multiple beating cardiomyocytes in parallel or to map individual synaptic connections between primary neurons . Hollow NSs connected with an underlying reservoir have been established as robust platforms for repeatedly introducing otherwise cell‐impermeant macromolecules to the cell cytoplasm, in particular when combined with local administration of detergent or electroporation, and an increased cellular uptake of various molecules has also been reported for some arrays of functionalized solid NSs . Flexible NSs can be used to measure and resolve differences in the diminutive forces that cells exert on surfaces, and the specific topographical and mechanical environment imposed by a given NS array can be used to fine‐tune the fate and behavior of stem cells with the prospect of using NS arrays in tissue engineering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Better Prediction of Cell Settling on Nanostructure Arrays—Simple Means to Complicated Ends

Buch-Månson

Bonde

Bolinsson

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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Vertical arrays of nanostructures (NSs) are emerging as promising platforms for probing and manipulating live mammalian cells. The broad range of applications requires different types of interfaces, but cell settling on NS arrays is not yet fully controlled and understood. Cells are both seen to deform completely into NS arrays and to stay suspended like tiny fakirs, which have hitherto been explained with differences in NS spacing or density. Here, a better understanding of this phenomenon is provided by using a model that takes into account the extreme membrane deformation needed for a cell to settle into a NS array. It is shown that, in addition to the NS density, cell settling depends strongly on the dimensions of the single NS, and that the settling can be predicted for a given NS array geometry. The predictive power of the model is confirmed by experiments and good agreement with cases from the literature. Furthermore, the influence of cell‐related parameters is evaluated theoretically and a generic method of tuning cell settling through surface coating is demonstrated experimentally. These findings allow a more rational design of NS arrays for the numerous exciting biological applications where the mode of cell settling is crucial.

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“…In addition to its ability to potentially influence endocytosis to overcome intracellular barriers to transfection, substrate topography can also be used to load DNA on the substrate for SMD, or topography can be used to "inject" DNA into the cell. [119][120][121][122] For example, an investigation by Elnathan et al 123 studied transfection in cells cultured on substrates with different formations of silicon nanowire arrays (SiNW), using four different cell lines including HEK293, HeLa (cervical cancer cells), human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF). The arrays were fabricated over a Si substrate and wet etched to produce a variety of arrays ranging from 330 to 600 nm for columnar diameter, 400 nm-6.3 mm for columnar height, and 0.6 to 4.0 SiNW per mm 2 .…”

Section: Modifying Substrate Topography To Prime Cells For Nonviral Gene Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterial substrate modifications that influence cell-material interactions to prime cellular responses to nonviral gene delivery

Mantz

Pannier

2019

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Gene delivery is the transfer of exogenous genetic material into somatic cells to modify their gene expression, with applications including tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, sensors and diagnostics, and gene therapy. Viral vectors are considered the most effective system to deliver nucleic acids, yet safety concerns and many other disadvantages have resulted in investigations into an alternative option, i.e. nonviral gene delivery. Chemical nonviral gene delivery is typically accomplished by electrostatically complexing cationic lipids or polymers with negatively charged nucleic acids. Unfortunately, nonviral gene delivery suffers from low efficiency due to barriers that impede transfection success, including intracellular processes such as internalization, endosomal escape, cytosolic trafficking, and nuclear entry. Efforts to improve nonviral gene delivery have focused on modifying nonviral vectors, yet a novel solution that may prove more effective than vector modifications is stimulating or “priming” cells before transfection to modulate and mitigate the cellular response to nonviral gene delivery. In applications where a cell-material interface exists, cell priming can come from cues from the substrate, through chemical modifications such as the addition of natural coatings, ligands, or functional side groups, and/or physical modifications such as topography or stiffness, to mimic extracellular matrix cues and modulate cellular behaviors that influence transfection efficiency. This review summarizes how biomaterial substrate modifications can prime the cellular response to nonviral gene delivery (e.g. integrin binding and focal adhesion formation, cytoskeletal remodeling, endocytic mechanisms, intracellular trafficking) to aid in improving gene delivery for future therapeutic applications. Impact statement This review summarizes how biomaterial substrate modifications (e.g. chemical modifications like natural coatings, ligands, or functional side groups, and/or physical modifications such as topography or stiffness) can prime the cellular response to nonviral gene delivery (e.g. affecting integrin binding and focal adhesion formation, cytoskeletal remodeling, endocytic mechanisms, and intracellular trafficking), to aid in improving gene delivery for applications where a cell-material interface might exist (e.g. tissue engineering scaffolds, medical implants and devices, sensors and diagnostics, wound dressings).

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Stimulation of Gene Transfection by Silicon Nanowire Arrays Modified with Polyethylenimine

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Influence of Nanopillar Arrays on Fibroblast Motility, Adhesion, and Migration Mechanisms

Influence of Nanopillar Arrays on Fibroblast Motility, Adhesion, and Migration Mechanisms

Towards a Better Prediction of Cell Settling on Nanostructure Arrays—Simple Means to Complicated Ends

Biomaterial substrate modifications that influence cell-material interactions to prime cellular responses to nonviral gene delivery

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