Stimulation of biofilm formation by oxidative stress inCampylobacter jejuniunder aerobic conditions

Oh, Euna; Kim, Jong-Chul; Jeon, Byeonghwa

doi:10.1080/21505594.2016.1197471

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Typhimurium prefers to shift from the planktonic to the sessile biofilm mode to adapt to ROS. This would be consistent with the induction of biofilm formation in, for example, Campylobacter jejuni [106] and Staphylococcus aureus [107] as a response to oxidative stress.…”

Section: Biofilm Formationsupporting

confidence: 64%

Salmonella and Reactive Oxygen Species: A Love-Hate Relationship

Rhen¹

2019

J Innate Immun

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Salmonella enterica represents an enterobacterial species including numerous serovars that cause infections at, or initiated at, the intestinal epithelium. Many serovars also act as facultative intracellular pathogens with a tropism for phagocytic cells. These bacteria not only survive in phagocytes but also undergo de facto replication therein. Phagocytes, through the activities of phagocyte NADPH-dependent oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase, are very proficient in converting molecular oxygen to reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS). These compounds represent highly efficient effectors of the innate immune defense. Salmonella is by no means resistant to these effectors, which may stand in contrast to the host niches chosen. To cope with this paradox, these bacteria rely on an array of detoxification and repair systems. Combination these systems allows for a high enough tolerance to ROS and RNS to enable establishment of infection. In addition, salmonella possesses protein factors that have the potential to dampen the infection-associated inflammation, which evidently results in a reduced exposure to ROS and RNS. This review attempts to summarize the activities and strategies by which salmonella tries to cope with ROS and RNS and how the bacterium can make use of these innate defense factors.

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Section: Biofilm Formationsupporting

confidence: 64%

Salmonella and Reactive Oxygen Species: A Love-Hate Relationship

Rhen¹

2019

J Innate Immun

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“…Only a subset of isolates exhibited upregulated biofilm formation under increased oxygen availability; some isolates exhibited the greatest biofilm forming capacity under anaerobic conditions. C. jejuni isolates have been shown to exhibit increased biofilm formation under microaerophilic conditions compared to aerobic conditions, 24,40 however their response to anaerobic conditions remains unknown. In our study, the response to oxygen was not related to disease status, anatomical site of isolation or genomospecies.…”

Section: B=w In Print; Colour Onlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Motility and biofilm formation of the emerging gastrointestinal pathogenCampylobacter concisusdiffers under microaerophilic and anaerobic environments

et al. 2018

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Campylobacter concisus has been isolated from patients with gastroenteritis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as well as healthy subjects. While strain differences may plausibly explain virulence differentials, an alternative hypothesis posits that the pathogenic potential of this species may depend on altered ecosystem conditions in the inflamed gut. One potential difference is oxygen availability, which is frequently increased under conditions of inflammation and is known to regulate bacterial virulence. Hence, we hypothesized that oxygen influences C. concisus physiology. We therefore characterized the effect of microaerophilic or anaerobic environments on C. concisus motility and biofilm formation, two important determinants of host colonization and dissemination. C. concisus isolates (n D 46) sourced from saliva, gut mucosal biopsies and feces of patients with IBD (n D 23), gastroenteritis (n D 8) and healthy subjects (n D 13), were used for this study. Capacity to form biofilms was determined using crystal violet assay, while assessment of dispersion through soft agar permitted motility to be assessed. No association existed between GI disease and either motility or biofilm forming capacity. Oral isolates exhibited significantly greater capacity for biofilm formation compared to fecal isolates (p < 0.03), and showed a strong negative correlation between motility and biofilm formation (r D ¡0.7; p D 0.01). Motility significantly increased when strains were cultured under microaerophilic compared to anaerobic conditions (p < 0.001). Increased biofilm formation under microaerophillic conditions was also observed for a subset of isolates. Hence, differences in oxygen availability appear to influence key physiological aspects of the opportunistic gastrointestinal pathogen C. concisus.

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“…Oxygen-rich conditions enhance the expression of membrane proteins, such as Peb4 and CadF, which are involved in the adhesion of C. jejuni to abiotic surfaces ( Asakura et al, 2007 ; Sulaeman et al, 2012 ). Increased oxidative stress under aerobic conditions is associated with biofilm stimulation in C. jejuni ( Oh et al, 2016 ). In addition, biofilm formation is also affected by nutritional factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Biofilm Formation by Ferrous and Ferric Iron Through Oxidative Stress in Campylobacter jejuni

Andrews

Jeon

2018

Front. Microbiol.

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Campylobacter is a leading foodborne pathogen worldwide. Biofilm formation is an important survival mechanism that sustains the viability of Campylobacter under harsh stress conditions. Iron affects biofilm formation in some other bacteria; however, the effect of iron on biofilm formation has not been investigated in Campylobacter. In this study, we discovered that ferrous (Fe2+) and ferric (Fe3+) iron stimulated biofilm formation in Campylobacter jejuni. The sequestration of iron with an iron chelator prevented the iron-mediated biofilm stimulation. The level of total reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biofilms was increased by iron. However, the supplementation with an antioxidant prevented the total ROS level from being increased in biofilms by iron and also inhibited iron-mediated biofilm stimulation in C. jejuni. This suggests that iron promotes biofilm formation through oxidative stress. Based on the results of fluorescence microscopic analysis, Fe2+ and Fe3+ enhanced both microcolony formation and biofilm maturation. The levels of extracellular DNA and polysaccharides in biofilms were increased by iron supplementation. The effect of iron on biofilm formation was also investigated with 70 C. jejuni isolates from raw chicken. Regardless of the inherent levels of biofilm formation, iron stimulated biofilm formation in all tested strains; however, there were strain variations in iron concentrations affecting biofilm formation. The biofilm formation of 92.9% (65 of 70) strains was enhanced by either 40 μM Fe2+ or 20 μM Fe3+ or both (the iron concentrations that enhanced biofilm formation in C. jejuni NCTC 11168), whereas different iron concentrations were required to promote biofilms in the rest of the strains. The findings in this study showed that Fe2+ and Fe3+ contributed to the stimulation of biofilm formation in C. jejuni through oxidative stress.

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Stimulation of biofilm formation by oxidative stress inCampylobacter jejuniunder aerobic conditions

Cited by 34 publications

References 32 publications

<b><i>Salmonella</i></b> and Reactive Oxygen Species: A Love-Hate Relationship

<b><i>Salmonella</i></b> and Reactive Oxygen Species: A Love-Hate Relationship

Motility and biofilm formation of the emerging gastrointestinal pathogenCampylobacter concisusdiffers under microaerophilic and anaerobic environments

Enhanced Biofilm Formation by Ferrous and Ferric Iron Through Oxidative Stress in Campylobacter jejuni

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