Stimulated Near-Infrared Light Emission in Graphene

Perakis, I. E.

doi:10.1103/physics.5.43

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These results prompt us to search for other possible mechanisms for macroscopic direct light manipulation. It is well known that graphene sheet shows unique optoelectronic properties due to its Dirac conical and gapless band structure, which allows graphene to: 1) absorb all wavelength of light efficiently, 2) achieve population inversion state easily as a result of the excitation of hot electrons and the relaxation bottleneck at the Dirac point and then 3) eject the hot electrons following the Auger-like mechanism [16][17][18][19][31][32][33] . Many studies of this effect have been reported not only for individual suspended graphene sheets 17,18 but also for reduced graphene oxide sheets 29 .…”

Section: Mechanism Of the Macroscopic And Direct Light Propulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A series of control experiments were further carried out, which also excludes the laser beam ablation mechanism. The efficient light absorption of graphene 16,17 and easily achievable reverse saturation state 18,19 , combined with the unique and limited hot electron relaxing mechanisms and channels 17,20 , all due to the unique band structure of graphene, collectively make this bulk graphene material capable of efficiently emitting energetic electrons while it is under light illumination so that the net momentum generated by the ejected electrons can propel the bulk graphene sponge according to Newton's laws of motion.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Macroscopic and direct light propulsion of bulk graphene material

et al. 2015

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It has been a great challenge to achieve the direct light manipulation of matter on a bulk scale. In this work the direct light propulsion of matter is observed on a macroscopic scale using a bulk graphene-based material. The unique structure and properties of graphene, and the novel morphology of the bulk three-dimensional linked graphene material make it capable not only of absorbing light at various wavelengths but also of emitting energetic electrons efficiently enough to drive the bulk material, following Newtonian mechanics. Thus, the unique photonic and electronic properties of individual graphene sheets are manifested in the response of the bulk state. These results offer an exciting opportunity to bring about bulkscale light manipulation with the potential to realize long-sought applications in areas such as the solar sail and space transportation driven directly by sunlight.U sing beams of light, scientists have been able to trap 1 , move 2 , levitate 3 and even pull 4 small objects (such as atoms and molecules, living cells and viruses, and micro/nanoscopic particles) on the microscopic scale, as well as nano/micrometre-sized graphene sheets 5-7 on a small spatial scale, typically on the order of hundreds of micrometres 8 . There have also been reports of efforts to enlarge the optical manipulation distance by harnessing strong thermal forces 9 , and also the robust manipulation of airborne micro-objects photophoretically with a bottle beam 10 . Furthermore, the rotation and motion of a millimetre-sized graphite disk by photoirradiation has been realized with the graphite levitated magnetically 11 . If these optical operations were to be achieved with large objects on a macroscopic spatial scale, significant applications such as the long-sought direct optical manipulation of macroscale objects (including the proposed solar sail and space transportation via laser or beam-powered propulsion) could be realized. To acquire the required energy and momentum for propulsion, two main mechanisms have been proposed: the use of a laser to superheat a propellant (or air), which then provides propulsion in the same manner as a conventional rocket 4,12,13 , or obtaining propulsion directly from light pressure (radiation pressure) acting on a light sail structure (as with the IKAROS spacecraft) 14,15 .It has been a great challenge to realize the intrinsic properties of single-layer graphene in the bulk state, because stacking of the graphene sheets diminishes most of its properties (electronic, photonic and even mechanical). In this Article, we show that if graphene sheets are assembled in the proper manner into the bulk state, the resulting bulk material not only can retain the intrinsic properties of the individual graphene sheets, but also allows their manifestation on a macroscopic scale. Here, we demonstrate the directly lightinduced macroscopic propulsion and rotation of a bulk graphene sponge material with dimensions on the scale of a centimetre and milligram weight. The mechanism behind this novel phenomenon ...

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Section: Mechanism Of the Macroscopic And Direct Light Propulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Macroscopic and direct light propulsion of bulk graphene material

et al. 2015

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“…36 In this case, the coupling between the top and bottom graphene layers adds more to the plasmonic resonance bandwidth resulting in high absorption in the previously said frequency range. 25,44,46 The coupling is highest at h = 2.5 μm and the absorptivity response has three resonance peaks in this case that is clear from Figure 6B. The width (q) of the top layer plus-shaped graphene pattern, which is superimposed with the primitive fractal pattern has been undergone several variations.…”

Section: Simulated Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The whole 3D structure works as a rectangular cavity in which EM wave enters into it through the top surface and gets reflected from the bottom surface with multireflection demonstrated by Fabry‐Perot resonance 36 . In this case, the coupling between the top and bottom graphene layers adds more to the plasmonic resonance bandwidth resulting in high absorption in the previously said frequency range 25,44,46 . The coupling is highest at h = 2.5 μm and the absorptivity response has three resonance peaks in this case that is clear from Figure 6B.…”

Section: Simulated Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Graphene based metasurface with near unity broadband absorption in the terahertz gap

Ghosh

Das

Bhattacharyya

2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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This paper reports a novel graphene metasurface exhibiting near-unity absorption over a wide bandwidth of 9.74 THz ranging from 2.06 to 11.80 THz with a fractional bandwidth of 140.86% with respect to the center frequency of 6.93 THz within the terahertz gap of the electromagnetic spectrum. The proposed structure consists of two layers of graphene separated by silicon dioxide (SiO 2). On the top of SiO 2 , a modified fractal-shaped 1 nm thick graphene pattern is deposited while a square-shaped graphene pattern of identical thickness completely covers the backside of the SiO 2 substrate. The absorber was found to be polarization independent under the normal incidence of the approaching electromagnetic wave (EM) toward the top layer of the structure due to its 4-fold structural symmetry. The designed structure offers stable absorption up to 60 incident angle under TE polarization and 40 incident angle under TM polarization. The structure is~λ/55.9 thin and maintains periodicity of~λ/21.7; thereby validating the effective homogeneity condition in the sub-wavelength domain. This graphene-based absorber can find several applications including, sensors, detectors, spatial light modulators, and in spectroscopic detectors, and so forth, in the "Terahertz Gap" for next-generation 5G communication system and beyond.

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