Stimulated myoblast differentiation on graphene oxide-impregnated PLGA-collagen hybrid fibre matrices

Abstract

Background Electrospinning is a simple and effective method for fabricating micro- and nanofiber matrices. Electrospun fibre matrices have numerous advantages for use as tissue engineering scaffolds, such as high surface area-to-volume ratio, mass production capability and structural similarity to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, electrospun matrices, which are composed of biocompatible polymers and various biomaterials, have been developed as biomimetic scaffolds for the tissue engineering applications. In particular, graphene oxide (GO) has recently been considered as a novel biomaterial for skeletal muscle regeneration because it can promote the growth and differentiation of myoblasts. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to fabricate the hybrid fibre matrices that stimulate myoblasts differentiation for skeletal muscle regeneration.ResultsHybrid fibre matrices composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid, PLGA) and collagen (Col) impregnated with GO (GO-PLGA-Col) were successfully fabricated using an electrospinning process. Our results indicated that the GO-PLGA-Col hybrid matrices were comprised of randomly-oriented continuous fibres with a three-dimensional non-woven porous structure. Compositional analysis showed that GO was dispersed uniformly throughout the GO-PLGA-Col matrices. In addition, the hydrophilicity of the fabricated matrices was significantly increased by blending with a small amount of Col and GO. The attachment and proliferation of the C2C12 skeletal myoblasts were significantly enhanced on the GO-PLGA-Col hybrid matrices. Furthermore, the GO-PLGA-Col matrices stimulated the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 skeletal myoblasts, which was enhanced further under the culture conditions of the differentiation media.ConclusionsTaking our findings into consideration, it is suggested that the GO-PLGA-Col hybrid fibre matrices can be exploited as potential biomimetic scaffolds for skeletal tissue engineering and regeneration because these GO-impregnated hybrid matrices have potent effects on the induction of spontaneous myogenesis and exhibit superior bioactivity and biocompatibility.

Neuronal Differentiation Modulated by Polymeric Membrane Properties

“…Interestingly, different mechanical properties in terms of Emod, ε, and UTS were achieved by blending CHT and collagen at different concentrations. We provide evidence that Emod and UTS decreased with increasing collagen content, as desired, and similar to other works [Sarkar et al, 2013;Shin et al, 2015]. Conversely, an increase in the collagen concentration showed a gradually increase in ε.…”

“…Indeed, as a structural protein, collagen contains many hydrophilic groups, and when it was added at 1% to PLGA to construct a PLGA/ Col1 membrane, the water contact angles of the pure PLGA membranes was significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased, in accord with other papers [José et al, 2009;Shin et al, 2015]. In addition, collagen blending did not affect the mechanical strength and the pore size of the PLGA membranes, as desired.…”

“…Their beneficial effects on soft tissue justify the choice of collagen, CHT, and PLGA [Subramaniam et al, 2009;Fernandes et al, 2011]. In addition, although CHT/ collagen and PLGA/collagen blends have demonstrated great potential for applications in tissue engineering [Martinez et al, 2015;Shin et al, 2015], there is a lack of detailed studies on the effects of important design pa- 166 rameters, such as the concentration ratio, on essential structural, physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties of the collagen-blend scaffolds constructed. Moreover, up to now, just a few articles about blending CHT or PLGA and collagen were reported for neuronal tissue engineering.…”

Dicalcium Phosphate Coated with Graphene Synergistically Increases Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitro

“…On the other hand, graphene and its derivatives have attracted recent attention as novel nanomaterials in a large variety of fields, including biomedical applications, because of their unique physicochemical, thermomechanical, and biological properties [39][40][41][42]. In particular, increasing attention has been paid for the effects of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on cellular behaviors.…”

Investigating the Influence of Extracellular Matrix and Glycolytic Metabolism on Muscle Stem Cell Migration on Their Native Fiber Environment

“…Materials as diverse as polyethylene glycol (PEG) to electro-spun graphene have been made into scaffolds for skeletal muscles [9,10]. However, many studies examining the suitability of artificial scaffolds for muscle tissue repair only superficially scrutinize the impact of novel substrates on satellite cell behavior.…”