Stimulated Generation of Indistinguishable Single Photons from a Quantum Ladder System

Sbresny, Friedrich; Hanschke, Lukas; Schöll, Eva; Rauhaus, William; Scaparra, Bianca; Boos, Katarina; Casalengua, Eduardo Zubizarreta; Riedl, Hubert; Valle, Elena del; Finley, Jonathan J.; Jöns, Klaus D.; Müller, Kai

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.128.093603

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, two‐photon‐excitation was recently combined with a trigger pulse to stimulate emission of highly polarized, indistinguishable photons. [ 153,154 ]…”

Section: Quantum Dot Based Quantum Light Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Communication Using Semiconductor Quantum Dots

et al. 2022

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Worldwide, enormous efforts are directed toward the development of the so-called quantum internet. Turning this long-sought-after dream into reality is a great challenge that will require breakthroughs in quantum communication and computing. To establish a global, quantum-secured communication infrastructure, photonic quantum technologies will doubtlessly play a major role, by providing and interfacing essential quantum resources, for example, flying-and stationary qubits or quantum memories. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in the engineering of on-demand quantum light sources based on semiconductor quantum dots, which enable the generation of close-to-ideal single-and entangled-photon states, useful for applications in quantum information processing. This review focuses on implementations of, and building blocks for, quantum communication using quantum-light sources based on epitaxial semiconductor quantum dots. After reviewing the main notions of quantum communication and introducing the devices used for single-photon and entangled-photon generation, an overview of experimental implementations of quantum key distribution protocols using quantum dot based quantum light sources is provided. Furthermore, recent progress toward quantum-secured communication networks as well as building blocks thereof is summarized. The article closes with an outlook, discussing future perspectives in the field and identifying the main challenges to be solved.

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“…However, two‐photon‐excitation was recently combined with a trigger pulse to stimulate emission of highly polarized, indistinguishable photons. [ 153,154 ]…”

Section: Quantum Dot Based Quantum Light Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Communication Using Semiconductor Quantum Dots

et al. 2022

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“…For the generation or catching of arbitrary-shape single flying qubits, it is sufficient to apply a simple two-level atom [19,26,27]. However, when processing multiple flying qubits or converting flying qubits between different channels, multi-level atoms are required [28][29][30]. As the simplest extension, a three-level atom can be simultaneously coupled to two channels, which enables the conversion of flying qubits from one channel to the other or the generation of an entangled pair of flying qubits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flying-Qubit Control via a Three-level Atom with Tunable Waveguide Couplings

Li¹,

Duan²,

Wu³

2022

Preprint

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The control of flying qubits is at the core of quantum networks. As often carried by singlephoton fields, the flying-qubit control involves not only their logical states but also their shapes. In this paper, we explore a variety of flying-qubit control problems using a three-level atom with timevarying tunable couplings to two input-output channels. It is shown that one can tune the couplings of a Λ-type atom to distribute a single photon into the two channels with arbitrary shapes, or use a V -type atom to catch an arbitrary-shape distributed single photon. The Λ-type atom can also be designed to transfer a flying qubit from one channel to the other, with both the central frequency and the photon shape being converted. With a Ξ-type atom, one can use the tunable coupling to shape a pair of correlated photons via cascaded emission. In all cases, analytical formulas are derived for the coupling functions to fulfil these control tasks, and their physical limitations are discussed as well. These results provide useful control protocols for high-fidelity quantum information transmission over complex quantum networks.

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“…The single-photon source (SPS) as a resource for quantum information technology has in recent years exhibited great progress in experimentally achieved efficiency and quantum state purity, pushing the technology towards practical near-term applications. Recent advances have enabled single photons to be generated on-demand with efficiencies exceeding 50% [1][2][3] and near-unity quantum indistinguishability [4] and purity [5,6], facilitating advances in boson sampling [7] and quantum key distribution [8][9][10], and even approaching minimum fidelities required for efficient linear optical quantum computation [11,12]. For on-demand SPSs, these advances have largely been achieved using semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), where the dipole-active transition of an electronhole pair (exciton) across the band gap in conjunction with the three-dimensional confinement afforded by the QD geometry provides an excellent quantum two-level system which, when inverted by excitation, emits a single photon radiatively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Autler-Townes and ac Stark effects to optically tune the frequency of indistinguishable single-photons from an on-demand source

Gustin,

Dusanowski,

Höfling

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We describe how a coherent optical drive that is near-resonant with the upper rungs of a three-level ladder system, in conjunction with a short pulse excitation, can be used to provide a frequencytunable source of on-demand single photons. Using an intuitive master equation model, we identify two distinct regimes of device operation: (i) for a resonant drive, the source operates using the Autler-Townes effect, and (ii) for an off-resonant drive, the source exploits the ac Stark effect. The former regime allows for a large frequency tuning range but coherence suffers from timing jitter effects, while the latter allows for high indistinguishability and efficiency, but with a restricted tuning bandwidth due to high required drive strengths and detunings. We show how both these negative effects can be mitigated by using an optical cavity to increase the collection rate of the desired photons. We apply our general theory to semiconductor quantum dots, which have proven to be excellent single-photon sources, and find that scattering of acoustic phonons leads to excitationinduced dephasing and increased population of the higher energy level which limits the bandwidth of frequency tuning achievable while retaining high indistinguishability. Despite this, for realistic cavity and quantum dot parameters, indistinguishabilities of over 90% are achievable for energy shifts of up to hundreds of µeV, and near-unity indistinguishabilities for energy shifts up to tens of µeV. Additionally, we clarify the often-overlooked differences between an idealized Hong-Ou-Mandel twophoton interference experiment and its usual implementation with an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer, pointing out the subtle differences in the single-photon visibility associated with these different setups.

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Stimulated Generation of Indistinguishable Single Photons from a Quantum Ladder System

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

Quantum Communication Using Semiconductor Quantum Dots

Quantum Communication Using Semiconductor Quantum Dots

Flying-Qubit Control via a Three-level Atom with Tunable Waveguide Couplings

Using the Autler-Townes and ac Stark effects to optically tune the frequency of indistinguishable single-photons from an on-demand source

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