Still Second Class

Rosenthal, Marina N.; Smidt, Alec M.; Freyd, Jennifer J.

doi:10.1177/0361684316644838

Cited by 124 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Despite greater experience with academia, graduate students are also not immune to being victims of harassment. A study of over 500 graduate students at a large Pacific--Northwestern public university found that 38% of female and 23% of male students reported being sexually harassed by faculty or staff (Rosenthal, Smidt, and Freyd, 2016).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unwanted advances in higher education:Uncovering sexual harassment experiences in academia with text mining

Karami¹,

White

Ford

et al. 2020

Information Processing & Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sexual harassment in academia is often a hidden problem because victims are usually reluctant to report their experiences. Recently, a web survey was developed to provide an opportunity to share thousands of sexual harassment experiences in academia. Using an efficient approach, this study collected and investigated more than 2,000 sexual harassment experiences to better understand these unwanted advances in higher education. This paper utilized text mining to disclose hidden topics and explore their weight across three variables: harasser gender, institution type, and victim's field of study. We mapped the topics on five themes drawn from the sexual harassment literature and found that more than 50% of the topics were assigned to the unwanted sexual attention theme. Fourteen percent of the topics were in the gender harassment theme, in which insulting, sexist, or degrading comments or behavior was directed towards women. Five percent of the topics involved sexual coercion (a benefit is offered in exchange for sexual favors), 5% involved sex discrimination, and 7% of the topics discussed retaliation against the victim for reporting the harassment, or for simply not complying with the harasser. Findings highlight the power differential between faculty and students, and the toll on students when professors abuse their power. While some topics did differ based on type of institution, there were no differences between the topics based on gender of harasser or field of study. This research can be beneficial to researchers in further investigation of this paper's dataset, and to policymakers in improving existing policies to create a safe and supportive environment in academia.

show abstract

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unwanted advances in higher education:Uncovering sexual harassment experiences in academia with text mining

Karami¹,

White

Ford

et al. 2020

Information Processing & Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data in this report are based on a subset of measures from a larger study that included both undergraduate and graduate student participants (see Rosenthal, Smidt, and Freyd, 2016 for graduate student findings).…”

Section: Sample 1 Methods Sample 1 Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general procedure of this study has been previously described in Rosenthal, Smidt, and Freyd (2016). We used Qualtrics survey software to design and distribute a survey to our randomly selected student sample.…”

Section: Procedures For Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Students who chose to participate clicked a unique link provided in the recruitment email and were directed to the Qualtrics portal to complete the survey. Five attention-check items (Oppenheimer, Meyvis, & Davidenko, 2009) were designed and placed throughout the survey to determine whether participants devoted care and attention to their responses (see Rosenthal, Smidt, and Freyd, 2016 more details). Participants were made aware of all procedures during the informed-consent process.…”

Section: Procedures For Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sexual Violence on Campus: No Evidence that Studies Are Biased Due to Self-Selection

Rosenthal¹,

Freyd²

2018

Dignity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous research studies suggest that at least one in five female college students is sexually assaulted while enrolled. However, many studies exploring sexual violence prevalence on campus use methodology permitting students to self-select into the study based on interest in the topic (i.e., students receive an email offering them the opportunity to participate in a study on sexual violence). Self-selection may bias these prevalence estimates of campus sexual violence. To explore this issue, we surveyed two samples of college women on their experiences of sexual assault. We recruited Sample 1 in a typical way: by emailing a randomly selected subset of students provided by the university registrar and inviting participation with information about the survey topic. We recruited Sample 2 using a human subjects pool where students in introductory psychology and linguistics courses sign up for studies without prior knowledge about the topic of the research they will participate in (hence greatly minimizing the risk of self-selection). The two samples yielded nearly identical victimization rates. Over a quarter of participants in both our samples had experienced sexual contact without consent, consistent with recent research from the Association of American Universities. College victimization estimates do not appear to be biased by self-selection based on knowledge of the survey topic.

show abstract

“…Sexual harassment encompasses a wide range of behaviors including staring or leering; unwelcome touching; and sexual insults or taunts (Australian Human Rights Commision, 2014). Sexual harassment occurs in a range of contexts, including in the workplace (Ilies, Hauserman, Schwochau, & Stibal, 2003); educational institutions (Australian Human Rights Commision, 2017; Rosenthal, Smidt, & Freyd, 2016); public spaces (The Australia Institute, 2015) and online (Barak, 2005;Megarry, 2014).…”

Section: Sexual Harassment: Definition Prevalence and Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Women Are Blamed for Being Sexually Harassed: The Effects of Empathy for Female Victims and Male Perpetrators

Bongiorno

Langbroek

Bain

et al. 2019

Psychology of Women Quarterly

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The #MeToo movement has highlighted the widespread problem of men’s sexual harassment of women. Women are typically reluctant to make a sexual-harassment complaint and often encounter victim-blaming attitudes when they do, especially from men. Informed by the social identity perspective, two experiments examined the influence of empathy—both for women who are sexually harassed and for male harassers—on men’s and women’s propensity to blame victims. In Study 1, university students ( N = 97) responded to a vignette describing a male student’s harassment of a female student. Men blamed the victim more than women, which was explained by their greater empathy for the male perpetrator but not lesser empathy for the female victim. Using the same vignette, Study 2 asked university students ( N = 135) to take either the male perpetrator’s or the female victim’s perspective. Regardless of participant gender, participants who took the male-perpetrator’s perspective versus the female-victim’s perspective reported greater victim blame, and this was explained by their greater empathy for the male perpetrator and lesser empathy for the female victim. Together, the findings provide evidence to suggest that male-perpetrator empathy may be equally or more important than female-victim empathy for explaining victim blame for sexual harassment. Implications for social change, including policies to limit the effects of male-perpetrator empathy when responding to sexual-harassment complaints are discussed. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319868730

show abstract

Still Second Class

Cited by 124 publications

References 41 publications

Unwanted advances in higher education:Uncovering sexual harassment experiences in academia with text mining

Unwanted advances in higher education:Uncovering sexual harassment experiences in academia with text mining

Sexual Violence on Campus: No Evidence that Studies Are Biased Due to Self-Selection

Why Women Are Blamed for Being Sexually Harassed: The Effects of Empathy for Female Victims and Male Perpetrators

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About