Stilbene synthase (pinosylvine synthase) and its induction by ultraviolet light

Schoeppner, A.; Kindl, Helmut

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(79)80561-x

Cited by 66 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Many types of biotic and abiotic stress in plants cause the induction of secondary metabolism and accumulation of secondary metabolites. The plant stressors 03, UV and fungal elicitor induce secondary metabolism (stilbene production) in conifers [27,28]. This induction of secondary metabolism is associated with the induction of key enzymes of the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathway, 147 such as PAL and CHS.…”

Section: Relationships Between Defensive Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinamide, a missing link in the early stress response in eukaryotic cells: A hypothesis with special reference to oxidative stress in plants

Berglund

1994

FEBS Letters

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A hypothesis is presented suggesting that nicotinamide (NIC) is an initial signal substance in the response of eukaryotic cells to conditions which cause DNA-strand breakage, especially in connection with oxidative stress. In the stressed cell, NIC is released as a result of the activity of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PADPRP). PADPRP is known to be activated by DNA-strand breakage, caused by e.g. oxidative stress or mutagens. NIC and its metabolite trigonelline (N-methylnicotinic acid) can induce defensive metabolism at the gene level. Connections between NIC and DNA-methylation are also considered. This hypothesis is discussed in the light of own observations and literature reports.

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Section: Relationships Between Defensive Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinamide, a missing link in the early stress response in eukaryotic cells: A hypothesis with special reference to oxidative stress in plants

Berglund

1994

FEBS Letters

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“…Products were extracted with ethyl acetate and chromatographed using the solvent systems L3 and L4. As the orchid enzymes were of a different substrate specificity from those we had found before in Rheum rhaponticum [16], Pinus sylvestris [19], Picea excelsa and Vitaceae [20], all preparations were tested with dihydro-mcoumaroyl-CoA in addition to the various cinnamoyl-CoA derivatives.…”

Section: Enzyme Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

9,10‐Dihydrophenanthrenes as Phytoalexins of Orchidaceae

Fritzemeier

Kindl

1983

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Hydroxy derivatives of 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes, orchinol and hircinol, were isolated from bulbs of Orchidaceae which had been induced to accumulate phytoalexins. Incorporation of radioactive precursors, Lphenylalanine and various hydroxycinnamic acids, has been investigated by feeding experiments in vivo. m-Coumaric acid and dihydro-m-coumaric acid were found to be efficiently incorporated into the dihydrophenanthrene derivatives. Dihydro-m-coumaric acid was not only converted into the dihydrophenanthrenes but was also formed from L-phenylalanine in the same tissue; it was thus proved to be an intermediate.The role of dihydro-m-coumaric acid was substantiated by studies in vitro. An active stilbene synthase was detected in enzyme preparations from induced orchid bulbs and assayed with different CoA esters. The enzyme, characterized on the basis of its substrate specificity, selectively converted dihydro-m-coumaroyl-CoA plus malonylCoA into 3,3',5-trihydroxybibenzyl.The role of 3,3',5-trihydroxybibenzyl as physiological intermediate was further corroborated by investigations with intact plants. Both its formation from phenylpropanoids and its conversion into orchinol was demonstrated.The data provided evidence for a biosynthetic sequence originating from L-phenylalanine and leading to 9,lOdihydrophenanthrenes via m-coumaric acid, dihydro-m-coumaric acid, and 3,3',5-trihydroxybibenzyl.

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“…Both compounds accumulate, however, in the sapwood as a response to wounding or fungal attack (11). Induction of a particulate PS-forming STS in response to UV irradiation (22) and of a soluble STS by fungal infection (3) have been demonstrated in pine seedlings. The present study describes a dose-dependent ozoneinduction of stilbene biosynthesis in 6-week-old Scots pine seedlings.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biochemical Plant Responses to Ozone

Rosemann

Heller²,

Sandermann³

1991

Plant Physiol.

160

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Formation of the stilbenes pinosylvin and pinosylvin 3-methyl ether, as well as the activity of the biosynthetic enzyme stilbene synthase (pinosylvin-forming), were induced several hundred-to thousandfold in primary needles of 6-week-old pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings upon exposure to a single pulse of ozone of at least 0.15 microliters per liter. The seedlings required 4 hours of exposure as a minimum for the induction of stilbene biosynthesis when exposed to 0.2 microliters per liter ozone. Both stilbene synthase activity and stilbene accumulation increased with the duration of ozone treatment. The activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and the activity of chalcone synthase, a key enzyme of the flavonoid pathway that uses the same substrates as stilbene synthase, were also stimulated about twofold by ozone. Stilbene biosynthesis appears to represent the first example of a dose-dependent biochemical response to ozone in a conifer species and may serve as a useful biomarker to study stress impacts on pine trees. 032 is a major photochemical air pollutant and is well known to be phytotoxic (4). Its average concentration in industrial countries increases 1 to 2% each year and is estimated to be 2 to 3 times higher than at the beginning of this century (12). Means of 0.04 to 0.06 ,AL/L and peak episodes of 0.1 to 0.2 ;iL/L 03 are frequently found (4, 12). These concentrations can lead to a decline in net photosynthesis, decreases in crop yield, and visible injury in plants (4). In the last few years, 03 has been discussed as a causal factor in the new type of forest decline at elevated sites in Central Europe and North America (12,18).Many studies of the effects of 03 on the physiology and biochemistry of conifers have recently appeared (4, 21). Most of these investigations dealt with changes in photosynthesis, lipid and protein metabolism, membrane permeability, or nutrient leaching (4). Little is known, however, about the effects of 03 and other stresses on secondary metabolism in conifers.

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Stilbene synthase (pinosylvine synthase) and its induction by ultraviolet light

Cited by 66 publications

References 8 publications

Nicotinamide, a missing link in the early stress response in eukaryotic cells: A hypothesis with special reference to oxidative stress in plants

Nicotinamide, a missing link in the early stress response in eukaryotic cells: A hypothesis with special reference to oxidative stress in plants

9,10‐Dihydrophenanthrenes as Phytoalexins of Orchidaceae

Biochemical Plant Responses to Ozone

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