Stilbene biosynthesis and gene expression in response to methyl jasmonate and continuous light treatment in Vitis vinifera cv. Malvasia del Lazio and Vitis rupestris Du Lot cell cultures

Abstract

Vitis rupestris is used as rootstock or to obtain hybrids with Vitis vinifera, due to its resistance to certain pathogens. Its resistance mechanisms are poorly understood, while it is known that stilbene neo-synthesis is a central defense strategy in V. vinifera. In the present study, the response to methyl jasmonate (MeJa) and light treatment in terms of stilbene biosynthesis and the expression of genes involved in polyphenol biosynthesis was investigated in V. vinifera and V. rupestris cells. The two species exhibited a similar constitutive stilbene content [2.50-2.80 mg g dry weight (DW)], which greatly increased in response to elicitation (8.97-11.90 mg g DW). In V. vinifera, continuous light treatment amplified the effect of MeJa, with a stilbene production that had never previously been obtained (26.49 mg g DW). By contrast, it suppressed the effect of MeJa in V. rupestris. Gene expression was consistent with stilbene production in V. vinifera, whereas discrepancies were recorded in V. rupestris that could be explained by the synthesis of stilbenes that had never before been analyzed in this species.

Methyl Salicylate Enhances Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Tea Leaves by Stimulating the Phenylpropanoid Pathway

“…In the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, CHS , CHI and F3H are termed as early biosynthetic genes, whereas downstream genes such as DFR , ANS and UFGT are named late biosynthetic genes [11,26]. In the current study, exogenous MeSA upregulated the transcript levels of both early and late biosynthetic genes in tea leaves (Figure 4).…”

“…In the current study, exogenous MeSA upregulated the transcript levels of both early and late biosynthetic genes in tea leaves (Figure 4). Different hormones differentially modulate the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes [8,11,22,26]. For instance, ABA and GA 3 down-regulate CsPAL, CsC4H, CsF3H and CsANR expression, leading to a decreased catechin content in tea leaves [13,18].…”

“…However, exogenous brassinosteroids increase CsPAL expression with concomitant increase in flavonoid concentration in tea leaves [7,8]. In Vitis vinifera , PAL expression reaches the peak at 3 h post-elicitation with MeJA, which gradually declines returning to the basal levels at 48 h post-treatment in the presence of light [26]. Consistent with this, jasmonic acid and brassinosteroids also enhance transcript levels of late biosynthetic genes and myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factor in Arabidopsis seedlings [22].…”

Microfluidic synthesis of methyl jasmonate-loaded PLGA nanocarriers as a new strategy to improve natural defenses in Vitis vinifera

“…On days 6, 12 and 24 post-elicitation, in order to study the intracellularly accumulated stilbenes, V . vinifera cells were subjected to three successive extractions (each 24 h) with MeOH/H 2 O (7:3 v/v) acidified at pH 3.0 with formic acid 22 . The final ratio between biomass and solvent was 1/10 (g FW/mL).…”

“…Ethyl acetate was chosen as the organic phase and the final ratio between organic and aqueous phase was 2:1 (v/v). The obtained extracts were dried under vacuum at 30 °C, redissolved in MeOH 70% with a ratio solvent/dry sample of 100/1 (µl/mg DW), and filtered through a 0.45 μm Minisatr ® filter 22 .…”