Stilbene accumulation and expression of stilbene biosynthesis pathway genes in wild grapevine Vitis amurensis Rupr.

Abstract

We detected and quantified six stilbenes ( cis -piceid, t -piceid, t -ε-viniferin, cis -ε-viniferin, t -resveratrol, and t -δ-viniferin) in the leaves, petioles, berry skins, and seeds of wild-growing Vitis amurensis . The highest content of stilbenes and expression of stilbene biosynthesis genes were in the probes collected in the autumn and after ultraviolet elicitation. Stilbenes, including the best-studied stilbene resveratrol, are known to display valuable bioactivities and protect plants against various pathogens. There is a lack of studies on stilbene quantities and spectrum combined with an analysis of the stilbene biosynthesis pathway gene expression in Vitaceae species, despite grapevine is an important source of stilbenes. This study presents an analysis of stilbene spectrum, stilbene content, and expression of stilbene biosynthesis genes both in natural conditions and after ultraviolet (UV-C) elicitation in the leaves, petioles, berry skins, and seeds of wild-growing Vitis amurensis, a highly stress-tolerant plant species. Using HPLC analysis, we detected six main stilbenes: cis-piceid (up to 0.257 mg/g of dry weight (DW) of plant material), t-piceid (up to 0.055 mg/g DW), t-ε-viniferin (up to 0.122 mg/g DW), cis-ε-viniferin (up to 0.031 mg/g DW), t-resveratrol (from 0.004 to 0.121 mg/g DW), and t-δ-viniferin (up to 0.019 mg/g DW). The stilbenes were actively synthesized in the leaves (total stilbenes 0.39 mg/g DW) and berry skins (total stilbenes 0.249 mg/g DW) of V. amurensis collected in the autumn. qRT-PCR revealed that the stilbene synthase (STS), resveratrol O-glucosyltransferase (Glu1), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO1) genes were actively expressed in the analyzed tissues. The resveratrol methyltransferase (Romt1) gene, which is known to catalyze biosynthesis of pterostilbene, was also expressed, but no pterostilbene has been detected in V. amurensis. The content of all detected stilbenes and expression of stilbene biosynthesis genes increased after UV-C treatment, except for Romt1. The data are important for understanding the stilbene biosynthesis in grapevine.

Stilbene content and expression of stilbene synthase genes in cell cultures of Vitis amurensis treated with cinnamic and caffeic acids

“…Grapevine is an important source of bioactive stilbenes . Therefore, in this study, we examined the influence of plant phenolic precursors, Cin and Caf acids, on stilbene production and STS gene expression in grapevine callus cultures.…”

Regulation of stilbene biosynthesis in plants

“…Multiple studies show that UV-C light exposure induced stilbene biosynthesis in different plant species (e.g., grapevine, pine, peanut, and gnetum), and the induction was accompanied by a transcriptional activation, protein accumulation, and enzyme activation of STS and some other stilbene biosynthesis enzymes (Wang et al 2010Tang et al 2010;Suzuki et al 2015;Deng et al 2016Deng et al , 2017Kiselev et al 2017). For grapevine berries, it has been shown that the induction of resveratrol biosynthesis after UV-C irradiation occurred primarily in the form of t-resveratrol (not piceids) and was dependent on the berry developmental stage .…”

Somatic mutations, DNA methylation, and expression of DNA repair genes in Arabidopsis thaliana treated with 5-azacytidine

“…The analysis of qPCR data was performed using the 2 −ΔΔCT method (Livak and Schmittgen 2001) with two endogenous controls for cDNA normalization (AtActin2, GenBank NM_112764 and AtGAPDH, GenBank NM_111283, Kiselev et al 2017). The data shown were obtained from three independent experiments and are averages of eight technical replicates for each independent experiment (four qPCR reactions normalized to Actin and four qPCR reactions normalized to GAPDH expressions for each independent experiment).…”