Stigma towards people with mental illness in the Nordic countries – a scoping review

Hellström, Lone; Voldby, Katrine Gren; Eplov, Lene Falgaard

doi:10.1080/08039488.2022.2105946

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Scandinavian countries share strong cultural, economic, and health service similarities (e.g., free access to healthcare and funding for medication) [9,32]. All three countries also have increased public awareness of and decreasing social stigma towards mental health disorders [33]. These factors collectively may have led to more individuals seeking help and receiving antidepressants over the past few years and contributed to the increased use of antidepressants in these countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Drugs in Scandinavian Countries between 2006 and 2021: A Prescription Database Study

Bojanić

2024

Depression and Anxiety

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Introduction. The use of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs has changed in Scandinavian countries over recent decades, with notable national variations. Objective. To describe and compare antidepressant and anxiolytic drug use in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. Methods. Data included each country’s prescription registers from 2006 to 2021. The measures were period (1-year) prevalence (users per 1000 inhabitants) and therapeutic intensity (TI; daily defined dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day), overall, by drug classes and age groups. Results. The prevalence of antidepressant use increased from 2006 to 2021 and was highest in Sweden (78 to 107 users per 1000 inhabitants) and lowest in Norway (61 to 69 users per 1000 inhabitants). The prevalence of anxiolytic use decreased, most steeply in Denmark (50 to 18 users per 1000 inhabitants). The TI of antidepressants increased consistently in Norway and Sweden, but more variably in Denmark. Sweden had the highest increase in TI of antidepressants (56%). The TI of anxiolytics declined most markedly in Denmark (by 75%). The prevalence of antidepressant and anxiolytic use was highest among adults ≥65 years. The prevalence of antidepressant use increased across age groups in Sweden and young people (5-19 years) in Norway, but not in Denmark. Conclusions. The use of antidepressants increased in Scandinavia in 2006-2021, but decreased for anxiolytics, with country variations in the number of users and the amount used. Future research should target factors underlying high antidepressant and anxiolytic use in older adults across countries and increasing antidepressant use in Sweden and among young Norwegians.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Drugs in Scandinavian Countries between 2006 and 2021: A Prescription Database Study

Bojanić

2024

Depression and Anxiety

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“…First of all, while sharing similar healthcare systems with insurance coverage, Czechia and Norway are characterized by unique mental health cultural attitudes and service development, potentially impacting the screening and diagnostics of mental disorders. Norway has one of the highest proportion of mental healthcare profesionals per capita globally, well-developed mental health research and medical education, and regularly implements updated treatment services [ 43 , 44 ]. Conversely, Czechia’s spending on mental health falls below the European Union average, along with a higher burden of mental health-related stigma, largely centralized and inadequate mental health service system, and a lack of mental health research [ 45 – 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring dual diagnosis in opioid agonist treatment patients: a registry-linkage study in Czechia and Norway

Rolová,

Skurtveit,

Gabrhelík

et al. 2024

Addict Sci Clin Pract

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Background Knowledge of co-occurring mental disorders (termed ‘dual diagnosis’) among patients receiving opioid agonist treatment (OAT) is scarce. This study aimed (1) to estimate the prevalence and structure of dual diagnoses in two national cohorts of OAT patients and (2) to compare mental disorders between OAT patients and the general populations stratified on sex and standardized by age. Methods A registry-linkage study of OAT patients from Czechia (N = 4,280) and Norway (N = 11,389) during 2010–2019 was conducted. Data on mental disorders (F00-F99; ICD-10) recorded in nationwide health registers were linked to the individuals registered in OAT. Dual diagnoses were defined as any mental disorder excluding substance use disorders (SUDs, F10-F19; ICD-10). Sex-specific age-standardized morbidity ratios (SMR) were calculated for 2019 to compare OAT patients and the general populations. Results The prevalence of dual diagnosis was 57.3% for Czechia and 78.3% for Norway. In Czechia, anxiety (31.1%) and personality disorders (25.7%) were the most prevalent, whereas anxiety (33.8%) and depression (20.8%) were the most prevalent in Norway. Large country-specific variations were observed, e.g., in ADHD (0.5% in Czechia, 15.8% in Norway), implying differences in screening and diagnostic practices. The SMR estimates for any mental disorders were 3.1 (females) and 5.1 (males) in Czechia and 5.6 (females) and 8.2 (males) in Norway. OAT females had a significantly higher prevalence of co-occurring mental disorders, whereas SMRs were higher in OAT males. In addition to opioid use disorder (OUD), other substance use disorders (SUDs) were frequently recorded in both countries. Conclusions Results indicate an excess of mental health problems in OAT patients compared to the general population of the same sex and age in both countries, requiring appropriate clinical attention. Country-specific differences may stem from variations in diagnostics and care, reporting to registers, OAT provision, or substance use patterns.

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“…In the European context, Tzouvara et al (2016), in Greece, highlight the presence of stigma in moderate and high proportions in various population groups. Hellström et al (2022) point out how in the Nordic Countries studies focused on the system, and interventions to reduce stigma are scarce. While in Germany, it is highlighted that, although there has been an increase in mental health literacy and acceptance of professional help, no improvement in attitudes is observed (Angermeyer & Schomerus, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The stigma of mental health problems: A cross-sectional study in a representative sample of Spain

González-Sanguino

Santos-Olmo

Zamorano

et al. 2023

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: Mental health stigma is a relevant phenomenon with implications for the people who suffer from it. Despite its importance, no studies have been carried out in Spain at national level with a representative sample of the population. Aims: The aim of this research is to analyze the stigma associated with MHPs in a representative sample of the Spanish population for the first time. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative descriptive study was carried out with a representative sample of the population ( N = 2746). Descriptive analyses and regressions are carried out on the different dimensions of stigma such as attitude, attribution and intention of social distance. Results: Medium levels of stigma are obtained in stigmatizing attitudes and attributions, and medium-low levels in the intention of social distance. The best predictors of stigma in its different dimensions are attitudes, attributions and intention of social distance themselves. Progressive political ideology is related to less stigma in all dimensions. Knowing someone with mental health problems and talking openly about it together with higher education are also relevant protectors. Mixed results are obtained regarding age, gender and help-seeking. Conclusion: National programs and campaigns focused on attitudes, attributions and behavioral intentions are necessary to reduce the stigma still present in Spanish society.

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Stigma towards people with mental illness in the Nordic countries – a scoping review

Cited by 5 publications

References 83 publications

Use of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Drugs in Scandinavian Countries between 2006 and 2021: A Prescription Database Study

Use of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Drugs in Scandinavian Countries between 2006 and 2021: A Prescription Database Study

Exploring dual diagnosis in opioid agonist treatment patients: a registry-linkage study in Czechia and Norway

The stigma of mental health problems: A cross-sectional study in a representative sample of Spain

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