Stigma toward psychosis and its formulation process: prejudice and discrimination against early stages of schizophrenia

Baba, Yoko; Nemoto, Takahiro; Tsujino, Naohisa; Yamaguchi, Taiju; Katagiri, Naoyuki; Mizuno, Masafumi

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.11.005

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our results failed to show the formulation process proposed by Baba et al (2017), in which a stigma developed from prejudice toward less severe form of psychotic disorder (ie PLE or APS) to discrimination toward a more severe form of psychotic disorder (ie schizophrenia).…”

Section: Methodological Considerations and Future Researchcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The vignettes of schizophrenia and depression were based on the typical symptoms of each set of diagnostic criteria, and had been used in previous studies (Baba et al, 2017;Lee et al, 2016;Pescosolido, Medina, Martin, & Long, 2013). The key component of this questionnaire is composed of four case vignettes describing the symptoms and disabilities of people with APS, schizophrenia, PLE, and depression, respectively.…”

Section: Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stigma towards psychiatric disorders would be a barrier for clinicians to deliver and for patients to receive timely treatment (Corrigan, 2004). It is well known that the general public's stigma toward schizophrenia is significantly higher than other mental illnesses (Baba et al, 2017;Lee et al, 2016;Pescosolido et al, 2010;Schomerus et al, 2012), consequently, the stigma might result in delayed detection, prolonged duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), and further lead to poorer long-term symptomatic and functioning prognosis (Marshall et al, 2005;Penttilä, Jääskeläinen, Hirvonen, Isohanni, & Miettunen, 2014). Efforts focused on reduction of DUP alone might not be effective as a recent review concluded negative evidence on pooling results of available interventions for reducing DUP (Oliver et al, 2018).…”

Section: Stigma and Barrier To Treatment In Mental Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rüsch, Angermeyer, and Corrigan (2005) has conceptualized stigma as a composition of prejudicial attitude and discriminatory behavior. A formation process that stigma develops from prejudicial attitude toward less severe psychotic symptoms to discrimination behavior toward more severe psychotic disorder, eg schizophrenia, was proposed (Baba et al, 2017). Some demographic attributes, such as gender, age, education level, previous contact with people with mental illness, and even economic hardship were found to have impact on stigma level, but the results in various studies across different cultural backgrounds were inconsistent Corrigan, Morris, Michaels, Rafacz, & Rüsch, 2012;Evans-Lacko, Corker, Williams, Henderson, & Thornicroft, 2014;Lee et al, 2016;Parcesepe & Cabassa, 2013).…”

Section: Understanding Stigma As the First Step To Mitigate Its Negmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigmas toward psychosis‐related clinical features among the general public in Taiwan

Wang

Lin

Liu

et al. 2019

Asia-Pacific Psychiatry

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Introduction:Stigma can be a barrier to early intervention of severe mental illnesses, especially schizophrenia, which further leads to poor outcomes. Mental health campaigns were designed to educate the general public about signs for early identification of psychosis, but the line between schizophrenia and attenuated psychosis was not well demarcated. We wonder if people would generalize their stigmas towards schizophrenia to subjects with subthreshold psychotic symptoms. Methods:A cross-sectional survey was employed which used a structured questionnaire, comprised of four case vignettes describing attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS), schizophrenia, psychotic-like experiences (PLE), or depression, and was followed by two sets of questions using the 4-point Likert scale to measure discrimination and prejudices. Participants were chosen by convenience sampling of laypersons from different backgrounds. Results:A total of 268 subjects completed this survey. A gradient of stigmas, highest toward schizophrenia, followed by APS/depression, and lowest toward PLE was apparent across gender, all age groups, and education levels. Participants who were younger and had higher education revealed a trend of lower prejudice and discrimination. People who have visited a psychiatric hospital showed higher discrimination toward schizophrenia, APS, and depression. People who have seen mentally ill persons in public places showed lower stigma toward PLE. Discussion:Our respondents posed a differentiable attitude towards PLE, APS, and schizophrenia, while exhibiting no difference between APS and depression. Certain personal attributes were correlated with stigma levels. Further investigation about mental health literacy and attitudes towards subjects with psychotic symptoms in the general public is warranted. K E Y W O R D Sattenuated psychosis syndrome, depression, psychotic-like experience, schizophrenia, stigma

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Section: Methodological Considerations and Future Researchcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stigma and Barrier To Treatment In Mental Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Understanding Stigma As the First Step To Mitigate Its Negmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stigmas toward psychosis‐related clinical features among the general public in Taiwan

Wang

Lin

Liu

et al. 2019

Asia-Pacific Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…status loss, and discrimination co-occur in a power situation that allows the components of stigma to unfold" (Link & Phelan, 2001). Research suggests that mental health stigma is high (Angermeyer & Matschinger, 2004;Baba et al, 2017;Bharadwaj, Pai, & Suziedelyte, 2017;Corrigan et al, 2000Corrigan et al, , 2001Corrigan et al, , 2004Phelan, 2005). Even among primary care providers, negative stereotypes toward people with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders are widespread (Kapungwe et al, 2011;Mittal et al, 2014).…”

Section: Schizophrenia Risk Biomarkers Have Been Uncovered By Conductingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing discrimination based on psychiatric risk biomarkers

Brannan

Foulkes

Lázaro‐Muñoz

2018

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Recent studies have identified genomic and nongenomic psychiatric risk biomarkers (PRBs; e.g., genomic variants, blood analytes, gray matter volume). PRBs may soon become a powerful tool for improving psychiatric care and prevention. PRB research and its translation to clinical care, however, may prove to be a double-edged sword. Mental health stigma and discrimination are already widespread, and data caution that biological explanations of psychiatric disorders can exacerbate these stigmatizing attitudes, increasing the desire for social distance and heightening the perceived dangerousness of the patient. As a reaction to the Human Genome Project and historical concerns about eugenics, the international community mobilized to establish legislation to prevent genomic discrimination. But in most countries, these laws are limited to few contexts (e.g., employment, health insurance), and very few countries protect against discrimination based on nongenomic risk biomarkers. Like genomic PRBs, nongenomic PRBs provide information regarding risk for stigmatized psychiatric disorders and have similar-and in some cases greater-predictive value. Numerous large-scale neuroscience and neurogenomics projects are advancing the identification and translation of PRBs. The prospect of PRB-based stigma however, threatens to undermine the potential benefits of this research. Unbridaled by nonexistent or limited PRB anti-discrimination protections, the threat of PRB-based stigma and discrimination may lead many to forego PRB testing, even if shown to have clinical utility. To maximize the clinical and social benefits of PRB-based technologies, educational campaigns should address mental health and PRB stigma, and lawmakers should carefully consider expanding legislation that prohibits PRB-based discrimination.

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Attenuated Psychosis Syndromes Among Japanese Youth and Young Adults: Early Identification and Intervention

Mizuno

Inoue

2019

Handbook of Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome Across Cultures

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Stigma toward psychosis and its formulation process: prejudice and discrimination against early stages of schizophrenia

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Stigmas toward psychosis‐related clinical features among the general public in Taiwan

Stigmas toward psychosis‐related clinical features among the general public in Taiwan

Preventing discrimination based on psychiatric risk biomarkers

Attenuated Psychosis Syndromes Among Japanese Youth and Young Adults: Early Identification and Intervention

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