Stigma of tiger attack: Study of tiger-widows from Sundarban Delta, IndiaFNx01

Chowdhury, Arabinda N.; Brahma, Arabinda; Mondal, Ranajit; Biswas, Mrinal K.

doi:10.4103/0019-5545.174355

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Similarly, islanders in the Sundarban Delta strongly believe that worshiping Bonobibi, the forest's guardian goddess, and Dakkhin Ray, the tiger God, before entering forests for fishing and collecting honey and fire woods, would protect them from dangers and misfortune, such as negative climatic events and animal attacks. Consequently, the islanders perceive the forest as an "ecomother" which is a result of a complex interplay between ecology, culture, and spirituality (Chowdhury et al 2016). Concurrently, we acknowledge that culture does not exist in a vacuum outside state apparatuses and therefore research on adaptation pathways needs to continue to pay attention to power relations within the state and between the state, its intermediate agencies, and other actors (Nightingale et al 2020).…”

Section: Cultural Beliefs and Valuesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Towards a cultural lens for adaptation pathways to climate change

et al. 2022

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Adaptation pathways have been conventionally viewed as an approach for planning and identifying different adaptation options and the ways in which they can be realized. However, there has been scant consideration of the wide diversity of cultural and social processes which shape how adaptation pathways emerge. We argue that a cultural lens sheds light on differential vulnerability and the processes that enable or hinder adaptation. A cultural lens focuses intrinsically on intersectional categories which can impact the adaptive agency or resilience of individuals, households, and communities. In particular, we need to examine how cultural beliefs, norms, and practices change over time, and are reflected in adaptation pathways since livelihoods do not remain the same over the life course. Additionally, taking a broader perspective by incorporating concepts from cognitive anthropology helps us understand motivations and choices which influence adaptation pathways.

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Section: Cultural Beliefs and Valuesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Towards a cultural lens for adaptation pathways to climate change

et al. 2022

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“…Stigma and discrimination related with Tiger attack: Chowdhury et al [56] in their study by using a measurement of stigma showed that the Tiger-widows are more stigmatized than both normal and snake-bite widows. It is interesting to note that in cases of tiger-widows (in contrast to other widows), a social belief and superstition relating to tiger attack/killing is operative as a strong determinant of stigma.…”

Section: Cultural Risk: Cultural Belief About Forest-dependence Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment and Wellbeing: Eco-psychiatry in Sundarban Delta, India

Chowdhury¹,

Brahma

2019

IRAJMSS

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<p>Wellbeing is a multidimensional practical concept that captures a mix of people’s life circumstances. Categorically wellbeing may be divided into three divisions: physical, mental and social wellbeing. As a construct, it may also be perceived as objective wellbeing (relates to material attributes like the amount of wealth, provision of education and health care and social infrastructure) and subjective wellbeing (how people think and feel about their quality of life). In both, the dimension Environment, more specifically the natural environment plays an important key role- both negative and positive. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), [1] postulates the ecosystem approach as a means of understanding the roles played by land, water and living resources of the environment (ecological resources) in the life of people as well as integrated management of cultural and biological diversity of the land and the people. Ecosystems are defined as the functional units that are in continual dynamic and complex interaction among plants, animals, water bodies, forest, climate and all other non-living issues in the environment. Ecosystem services are the benefits that people are supposed to or actually obtain from the ecosystem. These inter-phase interactional dynamics is the guiding principle of Ecopsychiatry - where environmental issues influence positively or negatively on the mental health of the people (individual) and the community (collective). Or in other words the impact of environmental specificity (of normal or abnormal state) on the mental health and wellbeing (as also physical and spiritual) of the community or individual. </p><p>The following inter-connected Eco-psychiatric issues that negatively impacted human wellbeing (both physical and mental) are discussed:</p><ol><li>Anthropogenic factors and its impact on population density, land distribution, agricultural production, food insecurity and poverty.</li><li>Attempts to enhance the crop production in a climatic uncertainty and saline field by pesticide over/incorrect -use - resultant in a high incidence of mortality and morbidity (accidental and deliberate self-harm/suicide) of human and pesticide contamination of the environment.</li><li>Nutritional deficiency, animal health and livestock: salinization of water impacted the availability of freshwater fish species, and thus depriving the poor of their protein food source and adversely impacting the income and family integrity.</li><li>Risk factors in human-animal conflicts (tiger/ crocodile/snake attacks) and resultant mortality and morbidity: forest exploration for livelihood measures (fishing, timber-honey-crab-collection) leading to death, family disruption, poverty and overuse of eco-resources.</li><li>Sea-level change and its impact on environment and wellbeing: the health of human, animals, mangrove vegetation, repeated storm and flood, inundation of salt water in agricultural field (high salinity), flood and destruction of life and property is a recurrent event.</li><li>Land erosion and destruction of islands and internal and external migration and displacement of population.</li><li>Climate change and its impact on agriculture, food production, eco-resources and health and emergence of vector-born and water-borne diseases. Cyclone related disaster and it's public/ animal (tiger) health effects on the environment and population health.</li></ol>

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“…Those who are widowed owing to the death of their husbands are more likely to experience severe stress than those who are divorced (Gayatri 2016). Widows are vulnerable to social sanctions in the form of discrimination, fear, negative feelings, trauma, abuse, and exploitation (Chowdhury et al 2016). Widows require social support in the form of friendship in the social environment in order to avoid feeling isolated and discriminated against (Huisman & Lemke 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual agency of young widows in Malay culture: An ethnographic study in Serdang Village, South Bangka

Indra

Susanti

Mashud

2021

MKP

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Patriarchal culture is part of Malay society. However widows in Serdang Village, South Bangka gain agency in the midst of patriarchal culture. They find strategies in meeting their sexual needs after getting their agency. This study looks at how women find their agency and strategies to fulfill their sexual needs in the midst of the Serdang Village community which is still heavily associated with its Malay culture. The ethnographic research method was carried out to explore the agency of young widows in the village using Agency Theory from Lois McNay and Gayle Rubin’s thought “The Charmed Cyrcle” as an analytical knife to dissect the problems that exist in Serdang Village. This study found that young widows use strategies to fulfill their sexual needs, either by connecting with a boyfriend without getting married, watching adult videos, connecting with customers on a consensual or paid basis. This study concludes that the agency that has been built by the widows allows them to express their sexual needs freely.

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Stigma of tiger attack: Study of tiger-widows from Sundarban Delta, IndiaFNx01

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Towards a cultural lens for adaptation pathways to climate change

Towards a cultural lens for adaptation pathways to climate change

Environment and Wellbeing: Eco-psychiatry in Sundarban Delta, India

Sexual agency of young widows in Malay culture: An ethnographic study in Serdang Village, South Bangka

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