Stigma associated with mental illness and its treatment in the Arab culture: A systematic review

Zolezzi, Monica; Alamri, Maha; Shaar, Shahd H.; Rainkie, Daniel

doi:10.1177/0020764018789200

Cited by 193 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Most of the research about stigmatization in the medical field in Arabic countries was related to mental health. 14,15 We previously clearly confirmed that the visibility of the skin lesions is a key factor for stigmatization experience and, as we have already emphasized, proper stigmatization assessment in dermatological patients would contribute to the entire, complete understanding of their suffering and would facilitate the holistic therapeutic approach. 6 Therefore, the creation of Arabic-language instruments to assess skin-related stigmatization level was crucial for daily clinical practice and for the future research in this field.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Arabic language skin-related stigmatization instruments: Translation and validation process

Dimitrov¹,

Matusiak²,

Evers³

et al. 2019

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Background. Skin diseases are frequently the reason for social rejection. Therefore, the assessment of stigmatization level in patients suffering from dermatoses plays a crucial role in providing proper health service. Objectives. The aim of this study was to create and validate Arabic language versions of stigmatization instruments-the 6-item Stigmatization Scale and the Feelings of Stigmatization Questionnaire. Material and methods. Development of the Arabic language versions was done with international standards of forward-back translations. The validation was performed on 39 psoriatic individuals. The group included 11 females and 28 males. The subjects were asked to fill out both questionnaires: the 6-item Stigmatization Scale and the Feelings of Stigmatization Questionnaire (Arabic language versions) at the time of examination and 7 days after enrollment for reassessment to evaluate test-retest reliability. During the first visit the patients additionally filled out an already existing Arabic version of Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), which was used as a reference questionnaire. Results. The results concerning the integrity of instruments were very good, and the Cronbach's α coefficient for both scales was 0.89. The reproducibility level assessed with interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) stood at 0.91 for the 6-item Stigmatization Scale and 0.92 for the Feelings of Stigmatization Questionnaire. There was a strong correlation between total score of the 6-item Stigmatization Scale and DLQI. Significant negative moderate correlation was documented between the Feelings of Stigmatization Questionnaire and DLQI. Moreover, both stigmatization instruments correlated significantly with each other. Conclusions. The developed Arabic language versions of the abovementioned stigmatization instruments can be successfully used in daily clinical practice as well as in clinical research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Arabic language skin-related stigmatization instruments: Translation and validation process

Dimitrov¹,

Matusiak²,

Evers³

et al. 2019

Adv Clin Exp Med

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“…Therefore, stigma has been proven to have negative effects on individuals’ self‐esteem, family relationships, educational and job opportunities. Individuals suffering from mental disorders mostly face two challenges in coping with their disorders: one relating to the symptoms of the mental disorders and another related to the stigmatization of their problem (Chen, Sargent, & Stuart, 2018; Heath, Brenner, Lannin, & Vogel, 2018; Shechtman, Vogel, Strass, & Heath, 2018; Stuart, Sartorius, & Thornicroft, 2019; Zolezzi, Alamri, Shaar, & Rainkie, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, attempts aiming to decrease imposed mental health difficulties among youth in the Middle East have accelerated (Pampati et al, 2018; Sijbrandij et al, 2017). In parallel, studies on attitudes and beliefs associated with psychiatric issues, especially related to children and adolescents, have been considered by several social science and health researchers in the Middle East (Alrahili, Almatham, Bin Haamed, & Ghaziuddin, 2016; Morawska & Sultan, 2016; Sewilam et al, 2015; Zolezzi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence from existing studies suggests that negative approaches such as rejection, denial and avoidance are more prevalent than positive ones in Middle East societies (Al‐Krenawi, 2005; Coker, 2005). Consequently, social stigma may be considered a crucial barrier preventing A‐MH from asking for help or causing a significant delay in using mental health services (Gearing et al, 2015; Shechtman et al, 2018; Zolezzi et al, 2018). The findings of related studies have shown that the Middle East Arab A‐MH are mostly unwilling to seek help because they worry about looking weak or embarrassing their parents and family (Netemeyer, Burton, Delaney, & Hijjawi, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unidentified and/or untreated mental problems among youth not only affect all aspects of their lives but also seriously influence the whole population negatively. Unfortunately, the stigmatization of A‐MDs still remains under‐researched and not well understood in the Middle East region (Gearing et al, 2015; McKeague, Hennessy, O'Driscoll, & Heary, 2015b; Zolezzi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental health stigma among Middle Eastern adolescents: A protocol for a systematic review

Mohammadzadeh¹,

Awang

Mirzaei

2020

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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Accessible Summary What is known on the subject? Four out of every five people with mental health disorders face stigma. Mental health and, consequently, mental health stigma are very common among youth living in the Middle East countries. Several studies have investigated mental health among adolescents in the Middle East, but studies on stigma are very scattered. There is no systematic review on stigma among adolescents with mental disorders across all the Middle East countries despite the common historical roots, similar cultural backgrounds, and recent widespread problems in the area. What this paper adds to existing knowledge? This paper will aim to review and analyse the studies on stigma among adolescents with mental disorders in the Middle East countries, from different aspects such as the age rang, kind of stigma and risk factors of stigma. The study will cover studies on all kinds of stigma among Middle Eastern adolescents up to 18 years old published between 2000 and 2019. The study terms are generally focused on four categories: (a) kinds of Stigma, (b) Mental health problems, (c) Age range and (d) Region of study population. What are the implications for practice? Increasing understanding and awareness of different angles of mental health stigma among adolescents may be helpful for better coping with this challenge. Understanding the nature of stigma may give adolescents the ability of ignoring it and avoid starting self‐stigma and/or stopping to seek help. Abstract IntroductionAlthough many epidemiological and interventional investigations regarding improving mental health among youth in the Middle East have been performed, there is no systematic review specifically analysing the studies on stigma among adolescents with mental disorders (A‐MDs) across all Middle East countries despite their common historical roots, similar cultural backgrounds, and recent widespread problems in the area. PurposeWe will aim to systematically review and analyse the English language studies on stigma among A‐MDs in the Middle East published between 2000 and 2019. MethodThe Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, PsycINFO and MEDLINE are electronic databases that will be included in this study. Furthermore, the bibliography lists of eligible articles will be manually searched for additional included articles. Descriptive statistics will be represented by mean score and standard deviation for continuous data and number/percentage for categorical data. DiscussionThis study may act as a resource for future studies attempting to assess and/or reduce stigma among children and adolescents with mental health issues specifically in the Middle East. ImplicationsIt is important for healthcare providers, including nursing professional, to improve their knowledge and vision towards stigma in their community. The outcomes of this study can be a shortcut reaching this information.

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Providing Therapy with Asian Immigrant Families: A Review of Prominent Issues and Treatment Considerations

Kaplin

Farrelly

Parente

et al. 2021

Advances in Immigrant Family Research

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Stigma associated with mental illness and its treatment in the Arab culture: A systematic review

Abstract: A large diversity in the stigmatizing beliefs, actions and attitudes toward treatment of mental illness within the Arab population were identified. The influence of cultural variations on stigma should be explored further and used to tailor anti-stigma interventions in this population.

Cited by 193 publications

References 64 publications

Arabic language skin-related stigmatization instruments: Translation and validation process

Arabic language skin-related stigmatization instruments: Translation and validation process

Mental health stigma among Middle Eastern adolescents: A protocol for a systematic review

Providing Therapy with Asian Immigrant Families: A Review of Prominent Issues and Treatment Considerations

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