Stiffness Characterization of Cold Recycled Mixtures

Valentin, Jan; Čížková, Zuzana; Suda, Jan; Batista, Fátima; Mollenhauer, Konrad; Simnofske, Diana

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.065

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The maximum amounts (4%) of cement and polymer used in the experiment comply with the requirements for the maximum quantity of the binder in cement-bound mixtures [33]. In addition, the cement content of 4% falls within the limits of binder amounts used in similar base layer mixtures [5,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The quantity of the polymer powder corresponds to the cement content adopted in the Eight different mixtures (CBM) were obtained under the adopted experimental design.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Portland Cement and Polymer Powder on the Properties of Cement-Bound Road Base Mixtures

et al. 2020

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This article presents the test results for the physical and mechanical properties and fracture toughness of polymer-modified hydraulically-bound mixtures (HBM) produced with Portland cement for road base layers. The modifier used was a redispersible polymer powder (RPP) based on a vinyl ethylene acetate (EVA) copolymer obtained by spray drying. A three-level full factorial design with two factors was applied to determine the contents of Portland cement and polymer powder in the cement-bound mixture (CBM). Both Portland cement and polymer powder were added at three levels: 0%, 2%, and 4%. The assessment included basic physical properties (water absorption, density, and bulk density) and mechanical properties (stiffness modulus, axial compressive strength, and indirect tensile strength) of the CBM. Particular attention was paid to the assessment of fracture toughness in the semi-circular bending test. The results of the research show that polymer powder positively influenced the mechanical properties of CBM by improving its cohesion while maintaining its stiffness. Another benefit coming from the use of polymer powder was the CBM’s increased resistance to cracking, which is the desired characteristic from the perspective of pavement durability.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Portland Cement and Polymer Powder on the Properties of Cement-Bound Road Base Mixtures

et al. 2020

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“…In Poland, the two most common technologies are Mineral-Cement-Emulsion (MCE) mixtures and mixtures with a combination of foamed bitumen and cement. These two types of mixtures have been described in detail (Dołżycki, 2015;Iwański & Chomicz-Kowalska, 2011;Iwański & Chomicz-Kowalska, 2016;Kukiełka, 2007;Valentin, Čížková, Suda, Batista, Mollenhauer, & Simnofske, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Long-Time Chemical Bonds in Mineral-Cement-Emulsion Mixtures on Stiffness Modulus

Dołżycki

Jaczewski

Szydłowski

2018

BJRBE

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Deep cold in-place recycling is the most popular method of reuse of existing old and deteriorated asphalt layers of road pavements. In Poland, in most cases, the Mineral-Cement-Emulsion mixture technology is used, but there are also applications combining foamed bitumen and cement. Mineral-Cement-Emulsion mixtures contain two different binding agents – cement as well as asphalt from the asphalt emulsion. Asphalt creates asphalt bonding (responsible for flexible behaviour), whereas cement generates hydraulic bonds (responsible for stiffness of the layer). Final properties of Mineral- Cement-Emulsion mixtures are a result of a combination of both binding agents. While the stiffness of the material is unaffected by asphalt bonding, an increase in stiffness with time is visible for materials treated with hydraulic binders. This publication presents the change in stiffness modulus of Mineral-Cement-Emulsion mixtures by Simple Performance Test. For the analysis, two batches of specimens were used: the first was tested 28 days after compaction (period stated in Polish recommendations) and the second was tested 1.5 years after compaction. Analysis showed that after 1.5 years the stiffness modulus increased by about 10% in comparison to the 28 days after compaction. The change is minor but still significant. Unexpectedly, the level of the increase was unaffected by the combination of the binding agents (asphalt emulsion, cement).

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“…In most cases, bitumen (bitumen emulsion or foamed bitumen) is the main binding agent and it is used in combination with Portland cement or chemical additives, such as lime. If Portland cement is used with dosages greater than about 1% with respect to the mass of aggregates, it has clear effect on the long-term properties of CRM mixtures, hence bitumen and cement shall be considered as co-binders [8,10,11]. In this case, the rheological behavior of CRM mixtures can be characterized by measuring the complex modulus [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fine aggregate matrix to analyze the rheological behavior of cold recycled materials

et al. 2020

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Nowadays, one of the main challenges to a wider application of cold recycling techniques is the lack of reliable information on the mechanical behavior of cold recycled materials (CRM). In this context, measurement and modelling of the complex modulus of CRM mixtures may give an important contribution to the design and analysis of pavements including cold recycled layers. In this study, we analyzed the rheological behavior of CRM mixtures produced using bitumen emulsion and cement through the study of their fine aggregate matrix (FAM). Starting from a fixed CRM mixture composition, we compared different FAM mortars, focusing on the effect of water and air content. Then, we selected a composition as representative of the FAM in the mixture and investigated the evolution of both materials during a fixed curing period. Next, we measured the complex modulus of the CRM mixture and FAM at two curing stages and applied a rheological model to simulate and compare their behavior. Results showed that the properties of CRM mixtures are comparable to those of FAM mortars produced using all the binding agents (bitumen emulsion and cement) and a fraction of the voids contained in the mixture. Despite the huge difference in volumetric compositions, the FAM mortar controlled the curing and the thermo-rheological behavior of the CRM mixture, while the coarse reclaimed asphalt aggregate fraction and the voids mainly affected the asymptotic properties (equilibrium and glassy moduli) and the non-viscous dissipation component.

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Stiffness Characterization of Cold Recycled Mixtures

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Portland Cement and Polymer Powder on the Properties of Cement-Bound Road Base Mixtures

Effects of Portland Cement and Polymer Powder on the Properties of Cement-Bound Road Base Mixtures

The Impact of Long-Time Chemical Bonds in Mineral-Cement-Emulsion Mixtures on Stiffness Modulus

Use of fine aggregate matrix to analyze the rheological behavior of cold recycled materials

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