Stewardship of the Biosphere in the Urban Era

Elmqvist, Thomas; Fragkias, Michail; Goodness, Julie; Güneralp, Burak; Marcotullio, Peter J.; McDonald, Robert I.; Parnell, Susan; Schewenius, Maria; Sendstad, Marte; Seto, Karen C.; Wilkinson, Cathy; Alberti, Marina; Frantzeskaki, Niki; Haase, Dagmar; Katti, Madhusudan; Nagendra, Harini; Niemelä, Jari; Pickett, Steward T. A.; Redman, Charles L.; Tidball, Keith G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7088-1_33

Cited by 126 publications

(147 citation statements)

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“…To answer this question, it would be necessary to make clear if the administrative borders are a good indicator for this variable. Some authors argue that a city cannot be self-sufficient and resilient without acknowledging and accounting for their dependence on ecosystems from nearby or distant regions [28,[85][86][87]. We measured resilience for municipalities, which include not only the urbanized area.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Results and Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an Urban Resilience Index: A Case Study in 50 Spanish Cities

et al. 2016

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Urbanization is a major driver of land use change and global environmental decline. With accelerated urbanization worldwide, it is essential to put in place new policies to conserve urban ecosystems, species and the services these provide in order to secure more sustainable, resilient and livable cities for the 21st century. In urban planning, the concept of resilience has broadly replaced the word sustainability. In recent years, resilience indicators have been gradually developed, but few address urban resilience from a social-ecological systems perspective. We develop a methodological framework to measure urban resilience, define an urban resilience index and apply it to Spanish province capitals as a case study. Results show that most Spanish province capitals are far from being resilient. We conclude that increased efforts to measure urban resilience should be in place, and we offer the urban resilience index as a theoretical framework for measuring resilience in urban social-ecological systems that can be gradually improved as more data become available.

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Section: Interpretation Of Results and Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an Urban Resilience Index: A Case Study in 50 Spanish Cities

et al. 2016

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“…This complexity results from polycentric decision making among varying scales of governance (Ostrom 2010), ranging from broad institutional down to the individual resident, that correspond to changes of both ecosystem function and social perception of those functions (Elmqvist et al 2013). However, open questions remain about how such interscalar social-ecological relationships interact to express environmental outcomes and decisions influencing environmental attributes and ecosystem services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resident perceptions of natural resources between cities and across scales in the Pacific Northwest

Morzillo¹,

Kreakie²,

Netusil³

et al. 2016

E&S

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ABSTRACT. As the global population becomes increasingly urban, research is needed to explore how local culture, land use, and policy will influence urban natural resource management. We used a broad-scale comparative approach and survey of residents within the Portland (Oregon)-Vancouver (Washington) metropolitan areas, USA, two states with similar geographical and ecological characteristics, but different approaches to land-use planning, to explore resident perceptions about natural resources at three scales of analysis: property level ("at or near my house"), neighborhood ("within a 20-minute walk from my house"), and metro level ("across the metro area"). At the metro-level scale, nonmetric multidimensional scaling revealed that the two cities were quite similar. However, affinity for particular landscape characteristics existed within each city with the greatest difference generally at the property-level scale. Portland respondents expressed affinity for large mature trees, tree-lined streets, public transportation, and proximity to stores and services. Vancouver respondents expressed affinity for plentiful accessible parking. We suggest three explanations that likely are not mutually exclusive. First, respondents are segmented based on preferences for particular amenities, such as convenience versus commuter needs. Second, historical land-use and tax policy legacies may influence individual decisions. Third, more environmentally attuned worldviews may influence an individual's desire to produce environmentally friendly outcomes. Our findings highlight the importance of acknowledging variations in residents' affinities for landscape characteristics across different scales and locations because these differences may influence future land-use policies about urban natural resources.

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“…ES are desired outcomes of ecosystem structures and functions, which are then translated into multidimensional benefits if they are actively or passively used by humans [2][3][4]. As humans are the final beneficiaries of the ES provision, urban areas are hotspots of ES demand and flow [5]. This paper focuses on urban ES-i.e., they are produced by green and blue spaces, such as street trees, urban park, urban forest, green sport facility, allotment, river and lake, within urban and peri-urban areas [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, we limit the study to ES provided by green spaces. Among others, these services include water and food supply, air purification, urban temperature regulation, noise reduction, runoff mitigation, global climate regulation, social cohesion, aesthetic enjoyment, and recreation [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Mismatches in the Provision of Urban Ecosystem Services to Support Spatial Planning: A Case Study on Recreation and Food Supply in Havana, Cuba

Ortiz

Geneletti

2018

Sustainability

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Abstract:Integrating information about how ecosystem services (ES) are provided and benefited from in spatial planning is essential to enhance quality of life in urban areas. This study aims to assess mismatches in the provision of urban ES. Specifically, it compares the amount of services that urban dwellers currently benefit from with the capacity of green spaces to provide service and the ES demand, in order to assess two mismatches: "unsustainable flow" and "unsatisfied demand", respectively. We focus on two ES, recreation and food supply, and conduct an empirical study in two adjacent municipalities of the city of Havana, Cuba. The methodological approach includes: the identification of services providing and demanding areas; and the quantification of mismatches by carrying out a spatial comparison between critical capacity and flow, and demand and flow. Results show that urban green spaces may be potentially exposed to overcrowding. Concerning food supply, a mismatch between demand and flow emerged in both of the municipalities. The assessment can support planners in addressing the sustainable use of green spaces and the equitable distribution of ES benefits. However, its applicability requires a deep understanding of local specificities, including demand levels, accessibility to ES, and sustainability thresholds.

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Stewardship of the Biosphere in the Urban Era

Cited by 126 publications

References 100 publications

Towards an Urban Resilience Index: A Case Study in 50 Spanish Cities

Towards an Urban Resilience Index: A Case Study in 50 Spanish Cities

Resident perceptions of natural resources between cities and across scales in the Pacific Northwest

Assessing Mismatches in the Provision of Urban Ecosystem Services to Support Spatial Planning: A Case Study on Recreation and Food Supply in Havana, Cuba

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