Stevens–Johnson syndrome induced by levetiracetam

Zou, Li‐Ping; Ding, Changhong; Song, Zhenjiang; Li, Xiaofeng

doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2012.09.005

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…2–4,10–15 In a systematic review of ten randomised controlled trials by Mbizvo et al, adverse effect profile of LEV in patients of drug-resistant epilepsy was studied, and rash due to LEV was reported in only two studies. It was noted that only symptoms affecting more than 5 or 10% of participants of the groups were published in these ten trials 16.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Sharma et al, out of 500 patients with cADRs with all drugs, anticonvulsants - PHT, CBZ and PB were implicated in 41.6% of patients with maculopapular rashes and 43.8% of life-threatening reactions - TEN and SJS 1. Although non-aromatic AEDs like Topiramate (TPM) and LEV are thought to be safer, there are several reports of even severe cADRs like SJS, DRESS due to LEV 2–4. In 2011, the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) included serious cADRs as potential safety risk from LEV in both paediatric and adult population 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectrum of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Levetiracetam and Human Leukocyte Antigen Typing in North-Indian Patients

et al. 2016

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Background and PurposeAromatic antiepileptic drugs are frequently implicated for cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs); there are case-reports of even severe reactions like drug reaction eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and Stevens Johnson syndrome (SJS)-toxic epidermal necrolysis with Levetiracetam (LEV). Certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-alleles have strong association with cADRs due to specific drugs - HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-A*31:01 in Carbamazepine (CBZ)-related SJS in Han-Chinese and European populations, respectively. Here, the spectrum of cADRs to LEV was studied, and HLA-typing in patients with cADRs due to LEV and some who were LEV-tolerant was performed, in an attempt to find an association between HLA and such reactions.Methods589 patients taking LEV were screened for skin reactions, and eight patients with LEV-related cADRs and 25 LEV-tolerant controls were recruited - all 33 of North Indian ethnicity, their HLA-A, B, DRB1 genotyping done. Statistical analysis was done to compare carrier-rates and allele-frequencies of HLA-alleles between cases and controls (and healthy population, where necessary) for alleles occurring more than two times in either group.ResultsOut of 589 patients on LEV screened, there were 8 cases of cADR: 5 with maculopapular exanthema (MPE), 2 of SJS, and 1 with DRESS. Although HLA-A*33:01 was seen to occur more in MPE cases as compared to tolerant controls, the difference was not statistically significant (odds ratio [OR] 6.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30–116.6; p = 0.31). HLA A*11:01 and 24:02 were found to occur more in LEV-tolerant controls than in cases (OR 0.23 [95% CI 0.02–2.36, p = 0.33] and 1.00 [95% CI 0.09–11.02, p = 1.00] respectively).ConclusionsCutaneous reactions to LEV are very unusual, and their association with HLA in North-Indian population was not statistically significant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Levetiracetam and Human Leukocyte Antigen Typing in North-Indian Patients

et al. 2016

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“…Many studies in human and veterinary medicine have shown that IV levetiracetam does not cause serious adverse events when administered over a period less than 15 minutes, or when administered in a more concentrated form than that which is recommended on the label . Rare cases of serious adverse events have, however, been reported in the human literature …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A serious adverse event secondary to rapid intravenous levetiracetam injection in a dog

Biddick

Bacek

Taylor

2018

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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“…Intravenous LEV use may be increased in the future. There are some reported side effects including Steven Johnson syndrome, bullous pemphigoid, and aggravation of myoclonus and non-convulsive SE (Isoda et al, 2012;Karadag et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2012;Zou et al, 2012). Rare conditions such as hypersexuality are also reported after LEV use (Metin et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous levetiracetam of hospitalized patients in Srinagarind Hospital

Tiamkao¹,

Thongplew²,

Chawsamtong³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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Levetiracetam (LEV) is a fairly new antiepileptic drug with broad effectiveness in controlling seizures.Presently, there is limited clinical data worldwide. This study aims to add more clinical efficacy and safety data for intravenous LEV. Chart review was done in patients who received intravenous LEV at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand from August, 2010 to June, 2012. There were 48 prescriptions on 46 patients with a mean age of 56.75 years. The three most common causes of seizures were metabolic derangement, renal dysfunction, and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Intravenous LEV was used for status epilepticus (SE) for 34 out of 48 prescriptions (70.8%) and non-SE 14 times (29.2%). The loading and maintenance doses of intravenous LEV were 1520.60 mg (range 1000 to 6500) and 1171.70 mg/day (500 to 3000). Seizure was controlled by intravenous LEV in 21 out of 34 prescriptions with SE (61.8%) and all patients with non-SE (100%). The overall mortality rate was 45.7% (21 out of 46 patients). The most common cause of death was sepsis with multiple organ failure (17 out of 21 patients or 81%). There was no obvious side effect of intravenous LEV in any patient. Intravenous LEV is effective and safe in seizure control particularly in patients with renal and liver dysfunction who had either SE or non-SE.

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Stevens–Johnson syndrome induced by levetiracetam

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Spectrum of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Levetiracetam and Human Leukocyte Antigen Typing in North-Indian Patients

Spectrum of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Levetiracetam and Human Leukocyte Antigen Typing in North-Indian Patients

A serious adverse event secondary to rapid intravenous levetiracetam injection in a dog

Intravenous levetiracetam of hospitalized patients in Srinagarind Hospital

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