Sterols in Algae and Health

Lopes, Graciliana; Sousa, Carla; Valentão, Patrı́cia; Andrade, Paula B.

doi:10.1002/9781118412893.ch9

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…These dietary supplements have in common with Ulva a high antioxidant activity given by their high content of pigments, vitamins, polyphenols and sulphated polysaccharides, as ulvan in the case of Ulva algae (Gershwin & Belay, ; Ganesan, Kumar & Subba‐Rao, ; Wijesekara, Pangestuti & Kim, ; Yildiz, Celikler, Vatan & Dere, ; Yu, Wang & Song, ; Emerenciano et al., ; Cardona et al., ). An additional feature of Ulva, Spirulina and microalgae present in biofloc is that they have high contents of phytosterols, particularly 28‐isofucosterol (Gershwin & Belay, ; Lopes, Sousa, Valentao & Andrade, ; Bensehaila et al., ). Fucosterol can act as an intermediary for production of cholesterol (Teshima et al., ) and synthesis of ecdysteroid hormones (Spaziani, Hinsch & Edwards, ; Teshima & Kanazawa, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of reproductive performance in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) by supplementation of Ulva clathrata meal in maturation diet in two commercial hatcheries

Corral-Rosales

Palacios²,

Ricque‐Marie

et al. 2017

Aquac Res

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The effect of supplementing dehydrated seaweed Ulva clathrata (20 g/kg) in the squid fraction of a formulated fresh diet on the reproductive performance of Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock was evaluated in two commercial hatcheries (A and B).The origin of broodstock, use of ablation on females, tank/culture conditions (for maturation, spawning, and larval rearing) were different between hatcheries. Daily mortality was higher (p < .01) for females in the control group compared to Ulvafed group of hatchery A, where females were ablated. No differences in mortality were found for unablated females in hatchery B, or with males from either hatchery.In hatchery A, broodstock fed Ulva produced more eggs (an increase in +5% compared to control, p < .05) and nauplii per female (+18%, p < .01). In hatchery B, broodstock fed Ulva produced significantly more eggs (+26%, p < .05) and nauplii per day (+33%, p < .05). In hatcheries A and B, eggs from broodstock fed Ulva had increased hatching rates (+13 and +7%, respectively, p < .001 in both cases). The number of spawns per day had a tendency to be higher in broodstock fed Ulva in both hatcheries, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (+14% for hatchery A and +20% for hatchery B). Dehydrated U. clathrata appears therefore as a functional additive in L. vannamei maturation diets that enhances the reproductive performance at commercial scale, regardless of the management conditions. K E Y W O R D S egg production, eyestalk ablation, hatching rate, reproductive performance, seaweed, spawn

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of reproductive performance in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) by supplementation of Ulva clathrata meal in maturation diet in two commercial hatcheries

Corral-Rosales

Palacios²,

Ricque‐Marie

et al. 2017

Aquac Res

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“…It is a mixed salad of Aka Hana-nori, Ao Hana-nori, and Kiku Hana-nori, which are pink, green, and yellow in color, respectively and are produced from different strains of the red alga Ganesan, Kumar, & Bhaskar, 2008). There are many studies indicating the presence of a variety of ingredients in seaweeds which contain high radical-scavenging activity and thus can be used as food additives (Andrade et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolites Unravel Nutraceutical Potential of Edible Seaweeds: An Emerging Source of Functional Food

Tanna

Mishra

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

101

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Functional foods are nutritional compounds which also provide health and medicinal benefits. Daily food intake has much impact on the quality of life, and therefore inclusion of functional foods is now essential to our diet. Nutraceuticals are neither food nor drug but are added to food to provide extra nutritional and physiological properties. Though nutraceutical compounds provide minimal actions, their regular involvement in the diet can provide major and long‐term health benefits. Global demand for additional and sustainable biomass for the production of important metabolites with nutraceutical potential has resulted in renewed interest in seaweeds. Seaweeds have been consumed from ancient times in Asian areas, and in recent times they have been demonstrated to possess many medicinal effects. Seaweeds are considered a rich source of various nutritional ingredients and metabolites that have pharmaceutical properties. It has been observed that total protein, from terrestrial plants such as soybean and wheat, produces an allergic response on consumption. Therefore, seaweed proteins can be considered a promising source for food industries. Overall, seaweeds are a rich source of PUFAs, metabolites, proteins, sulfated polysaccharides, vitamins, and minerals, which are all responsible for different bioactivities; they are therefore considered a promising functional food (nutraceutical). In this review we discuss the nutraceutical potential of seaweeds regarding different metabolites (primary and secondary), variation in composition, probable biological applications, limitations, research gaps, and future prospects.

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“…It is biosynthesized through the alkylation of 24-methylenecholesterol and is known to possess anticancer and antioxidant activity (Abdul et al 2016). However, in primitive green algae like Ulva sp., the alkylation of 24-methylenecholesterol leads to the production of a fucosterol isomer called "isofucosterol" (Lopes et al 2013). On the other hand, fucosterol is the main sterol in brown seaweeds, but fucosterol is also characteristic of some green seaweed species, particularly U. expansa, since high proportions of this compound were determined in the present and in previous studies (78.8% in the present study, 73.8% in the study by Ilias et al 1985); this proportions, however, constrast with the lower value (26%) (and traces of fucoesterol) found in Ulva lactuca from the Adriatic sea (Kapetanović et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Este fitoesterol es biosintetizado por la alquilación del 24-methylenecolesterol y es reconocido por su actividad antioxidante y anticancerígena (Abdul et al 2016). Sin embargo, en las algas marinas verdes primitivas como Ulva sp., la alquilación del 24-methylenecolesterol produce un isómero del fucosterol llamado isofucosterol (Lopes et al 2013). Por otro lado, el fucosterol es el principal esterol en las algas cafés, pero este compuesto también es característico de algunas algas marinas verdes, particularmente de U. expansa, tal y como se comprobó en el presente trabajo (valores de 78.8%) y en otros trabajos publicados (73.8% reportado en Ilias et al 1985); estos valores contrastan con los valores bajos de 26% (y trazas de fucosterol) reportados para and no β-sitosterol experimentally assessed in the present research.…”

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Gross chemical composition, fatty acids, sterols, and pigments in tropical seaweed species off Sinaloa, Mexico

et al. 2019

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Gross chemical composition, fatty acids, sterols, and pigments in tropical seaweed species off Sinaloa, MexicoComposición proximal, ácidos grasos, esteroles y pigmentos en especies tropicales de algas marinas frente a Sinaloa, México A . Biochemical composition was assessed in green (Ulva expansa, Caulerpa sertularioides, Rhizoclonium riparium, Codium isabelae), red (Spyridia filamentosa, Gracilaria vermiculophylla), and brown (Padina durvillaei) seaweeds collected from different tropical lagoons on the Pacific coast of Sinaloa, Mexico. Protein content was higher in C. sertularioides, S. filamentosa, and G. vermiculophylla (10-12%), followed by R. riparium, P. durvillaei, and U. expansa (8%, 6%, and 4%, respectively). Lipid content was in the range of 0.3-1.5%, with the highest value found in R. riparium. The highest content of nitrogen-free extract (i.e., carbohydrates) (69%) and the lowest ash value (25%) were assessed in P. durvillaei. Polyunsaturated fatty acid content was in the range of 5-45%, with higher values in R. riparium (45%), C. sertularioides (39%), and P. durvillaei (23%). Red seaweeds showed the highest value of cholesterol+dehydrocholesterol (>90%), while green seaweeds showed the highest contents of β-sitosterol (71-77%), except for U. expansa, for which fucosterol+isofucosterol (79%) was highest. Pigment composition was different among seaweeds but coincided with previous reports. The biochemical components used as biomarkers were assessed by principal component analysis to discriminate among assessed variables and to cluster seaweed species according to the common variability of their biochemical composition. Results showed that composition was similar within seaweed divisions but particularly different in U. expansa and P. durvillaei. Biochemical compounds that contributed to total variability were β-sitosterol, 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, chlorophyll a and b, and β-carotene, and to a lesser extent fucosterol+isofocusterol and 22:6n-3. Results showed that the analyzed seaweed species may be useful for animal nutrition and appropriate for human consumption.

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Sterols in Algae and Health

Cited by 50 publications

References 80 publications

Enhancement of reproductive performance in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) by supplementation of Ulva clathrata meal in maturation diet in two commercial hatcheries

Enhancement of reproductive performance in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) by supplementation of Ulva clathrata meal in maturation diet in two commercial hatcheries

Metabolites Unravel Nutraceutical Potential of Edible Seaweeds: An Emerging Source of Functional Food

Gross chemical composition, fatty acids, sterols, and pigments in tropical seaweed species off Sinaloa, Mexico

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