Steroids That Induce Lung Maturation Acutely Affect Higher Cortical Function: A Fetal Magnetoencephalography Study

Schneider, Uwe; Arnscheidt, Christian; Schwab, Matthias; Haueisen, Jens; Seewald, Hans-Joachim; Schleußner, E

doi:10.1177/1933719110381140

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…These results are in contrast to the acute delay of cortical AEP in human foetuses at 0.8 of gestational age (Schneider et al 2011). These results are in contrast to the acute delay of cortical AEP in human foetuses at 0.8 of gestational age (Schneider et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Reports in the literature only describe acute effects of glucocorticoids on brain function, such as delayed auditory-evoked potentials (AEP) in human foetuses within 3 h after glucocorticoid administration (Schneider et al 2011) and suppression of electrocorticogram (ECoG) activity in foetal sheep (Derks et al 1997, Schwab et al 2001b, Davidson et al 2011. Reports in the literature only describe acute effects of glucocorticoids on brain function, such as delayed auditory-evoked potentials (AEP) in human foetuses within 3 h after glucocorticoid administration (Schneider et al 2011) and suppression of electrocorticogram (ECoG) activity in foetal sheep (Derks et al 1997, Schwab et al 2001b, Davidson et al 2011.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of somatosensory‐evoked potentials in foetal sheep: effects of betamethasone

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

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confidence: 99%

Development of somatosensory‐evoked potentials in foetal sheep: effects of betamethasone

et al. 2016

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“…A single course of betamethasone decreased expression of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins and of the presynaptic marker synaptophysin, proteins that are necessary for brain development and neuronal functioning (94). The few human studies of brain development have evaluated the fetus or neonate and have shown that fetal exposure to glucocorticoid administration is associated with reduced neonatal cerebral cortical gray matter volume among preterm infants (36), decreased complexity of cortical folding and brain surface area among late preterm infants (37) as well as acute changes in fetal cortical functioning between 29 and 34 gestational weeks (95). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Glucocorticoid Exposure Is Associated with Preadolescent Brain Development

Davis

Sandman

Buß

et al. 2013

Biological Psychiatry

172

153

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Background Glucocorticoids play a critical role in normative regulation of fetal brain development. Exposure to excessive levels may have detrimental consequences and disrupt maturational processes. This may especially be true when synthetic glucocorticoids are administered during the fetal period, as they are to women in preterm labor. The present study investigated the consequences for brain development and affective problems of fetal exposure to synthetic glucocorticoids. Methods Brain development and affective problems were evaluated in fifty-four children (56% female), ages 6 to 10, who were full term at birth. Children were recruited into two groups: those with and without fetal exposure to synthetic glucocorticoids. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired and cortical thickness was determined. Child affective problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist. Results Children in the fetal glucocorticoid exposure group showed significant and bilateral cortical thinning. The largest group differences were in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC). Over 30% of the rACC was thinner among children with fetal glucocorticoid exposure. Further, children with more affective problems had a thinner left rACC. Conclusions Fetal exposure to synthetic glucocorticoids has neurological consequences that persist for at least 6 to 10 years. Children with fetal glucocorticoid exposure had a thinner cortex primarily in the rACC. Our data indicating that the rACC is associated with affective problems in conjunction with evidence that this region is involved in affective disorders raises the possibility that glucocorticoid associated neurological changes increase vulnerability to mental health problems.

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“…Several animal studies have shown harmful effects of fetal ACS exposure on auditory function [11, 20]. Church et al [11] demonstrated that repeated ACS treatment in rats resulted in a significantly prolonged neuronal transmission time along the auditory nerve and significantly elevated auditory brainstem response thresholds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal Corticosteroid Exposure Disrupts Myelination in the Auditory Nerve of Preterm Sheep

Rittenschober-Böhm

Rodger²,

Jobe

et al. 2018

Neonatology

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Background: Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) improve preterm neonatal outcomes. However, uncertainty remains regarding the safety of ACS exposure for the developing fetus, particularly its neurosensory development. Objectives: We investigated the effect of single and multiple ACS exposures on auditory nerve development in an ovine model of pregnancy. Methods: Ewes with a single fetus (gestational age [GA] 100 days) received an intramuscular injection of 150 mg medroxyprogesterone-acetate, followed by intramuscular (i) betamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) on days 104, 111, and 118 GA; (ii) betamethasone on day 104 and saline on days 111 and 118 GA; or (iii) saline on days 104, 111, and 118 GA, with delivery on day 125 GA. Transmission electron microscope images of lamb auditory nerve preparations were digitally analyzed to determine auditory nerve morphology and myelination. Results: Relative to the control, mean auditory nerve myelin area was significantly increased in the multiple-treatment group (p < 0.001), but not in the single-treatment group. Increased myelin thickness was significantly changed only in a subgroup analysis for those axons with myelin thickness greater than the median value (p < 0.001). Morphological assessments showed that the increased myelin area was due to an increased likelihood of decompacted areas (p = 0.005; OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.26–3.63; 31.6 vs. 18.2% in controls) and irregular myelin deposition (p = 0.001; OR = 5.91, 95% CI 2.16–16.19; 49.0 vs. 16.8% in controls) in the myelin sheath. Conclusions: In preterm sheep, ACS exposure increased auditory nerve myelin area, potentially due to disruption of normal myelin deposition.

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Steroids That Induce Lung Maturation Acutely Affect Higher Cortical Function: A Fetal Magnetoencephalography Study

Abstract: Administration of betamethasone to expectant mothers was associated with acute change in higher cortical functions in the exposed fetuses. Implications regarding functional brain development need further evaluation.

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Development of somatosensory‐evoked potentials in foetal sheep: effects of betamethasone

Development of somatosensory‐evoked potentials in foetal sheep: effects of betamethasone

Fetal Glucocorticoid Exposure Is Associated with Preadolescent Brain Development

Antenatal Corticosteroid Exposure Disrupts Myelination in the Auditory Nerve of Preterm Sheep

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