Steroidal saponins and pseudoalkaloid oligoglycoside from Brazilian natural medicine, “fruta do lobo” (fruit of Solanum lycocarpum)

Nakamura, Seikou; Hongo, Masako; Sugimoto, Sachiko; Matsuda, Hisashi; Yoshikawa, Masayuki

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.02.003

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, because RL-TGR seems to be specifically expressed in fish, this coreceptor in fish might have coevolved with the triterpene glycoside compounds found in their potential prey organisms. Triterpene glycosides are closely related to steroidal glycosides and saponins, which are found in a variety of marine and terrestrial organisms (20,30,31,(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43). Thus, RL-TGR and related receptors might serve as detectors of these classes of compounds, and other RAMP-like coreceptors might have evolved as detectors of other chemical defenses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of RL-TGR, a coreceptor involved in aversive chemical signaling

Cohen

Haack

Halstead-Nussloch

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Chemical signaling plays an important role in predator–prey interactions and feeding dynamics. Like other organisms that are sessile or slow moving, some marine sponges contain aversive compounds that defend these organisms from predation. We sought to identify and characterize a fish chemoreceptor that detects one of these compounds. Using expression cloning in Xenopus oocytes coexpressing the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel, the beta-2 adrenergic receptor (β 2 AR), and fractions of a zebrafish cDNA library, we isolated a cDNA clone encoding receptor activity–modifying protein (RAMP)-like triterpene glycoside receptor (RL-TGR), a novel coreceptor involved in signaling in response to triterpene glycosides. This coreceptor appears to be structurally and functionally related to RAMPs, a family of coreceptors that physically associate with and modify the activity of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). In membranes from formoside-responsive oocytes, RL-TGR was immunoprecipitated in an apparent complex with β 2 AR. In HEK293 cells, coexpression of β 2 AR induced the trafficking of RL-TGR from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. These results suggest that RL-TGR in the predatory fish physically associates with the β 2 AR or another, more physiologically relevant GPCR and modifies its pharmacology to respond to triterpene glycosides found in sponges that serve as a potential food source for the fish. RL-TGR forms a coreceptor that responds to a chemical defense compound in the marine environment, and its discovery might lead the way to the identification of other receptors that mediate chemical defense signaling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of RL-TGR, a coreceptor involved in aversive chemical signaling

Cohen

Haack

Halstead-Nussloch

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…O extrato MeOH é o mais estudado na fitoquímica do gênero Solanum (Ye et al 2001;Fukuhara et al 2004;Nakamura et al 2008) sendo os produtos mais encontrados nesses extratos os glicosideos esteroidais e os glicoalcaloides. Esse comportamento inverso do efeito dose-dependente da concentração pode estar relacionado à dificuldade de absorção dos compostos presentes nesse extrato em altas concentrações.…”

Section: Efeito No Crescimentounclassified

“…A atividade alelopática de extratos brutos de folha e fruto já foi estudada em diferentes substratos, como papel (Oliveira et al 2004a;Oliveira et al 2004b) e solo (Aires et al 2005). A composição fitoquímica do fruto é bem conhecida por apresentar propriedades farmacêuticas importantes (Dall`Agnol & Poser 2000;Schwarz et al 2007;Nakamura et al 2008), mas não há trabalhos nessa área com folhas tão pouco com enfoque alelopático.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo fitoquímico de folhas de Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil (Solanaceae) e sua aplicação na alelopatia

et al. 2012

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RESUMO(Estudo fitoquímico de folhas de Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil (Solanaceae) e sua aplicação na alelopatia). Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil (Solanaceae) é um arbusto típico da região central do Brasil (Cerrado). A atividade alelopática do extrato aquoso de folhas e frutos dessa espécie já foi verificada em estudos anteriores. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a atividade alelopática de diferentes extratos de S. lycocarpum na germinação e crescimento de quatro espécies-alvo. As folhas foram coletadas, secas e trituradas e submetidas a dois métodos distintos de extração: 1-líquido-líquido (acetato de etila e diclorometano) do extrato aquoso das folhas e 2-com solventes em polaridade crescente (hexano, diclorometano, acetato de etila, acetona, metanol e água) diretamente das folhas. Cada extração foi realizada com equipamento de ultrassom durante uma hora, filtrado e evaporado. Desses extratos, soluções de 800, 400 e 200 ppm foram preparadas, e água e Logran ® foram usados como controle positivo e negativo, respectivamente. Cada solução, bem como os controles, foi dissolvida em DMSO para os bioensaios. As espécies alvo usadas foram: alface, agrião, tomate e cebola. Cada placa era composta de 20 sementes e foi adicionado 1 mL de solução teste com 4 repetições. As placas foram incubadas a 25 ºC no escuro. Posteriormente, as plântulas tiveram suas partes aéreas e raízes medidas e a porcentagem de germinação e inibição calculada para cada extrato. Tomate foi a espécie que mostrou maior sensibilidade para todos os extratos, seguido de agrião, cebola e alface. Os extratos que tiveram maior atividade foram o acetato de etila, acetona e as extrações líquido-líquido, indicando as frações que devem conter os princípios ativos da folha dessa espécie.Palavras-chaves: Alelopatia, Cerrado, lobeira, aleloquímicos e bioensaios ABSTRACT (Phytochemistry of Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil (Solanaceae) leaves and their application in allelopathy). Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil (Solanaceae) is a typical shrub in the Cerrado of central Brazil. The allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts of the leaves and fruits of this species has already been proven in previous studies. The goal of this work was to verify the allelopathic activity of different leaf extracts of S. lycocarpum on the germination and growth of four target species. The leaves were collected, dried, triturated and submitted to two distinct methods of extraction: 1-liquid--liquid (ethyl acetate and dichloromethane) from the aqueous extract and 2-with solvents of increasing polarities (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and water) directly from the leaves. Each extraction was made with ultrasound equipment for one hour, filtered and evaporated. From these extracts, solutions of 800, 400 and 200 ppm were prepared, and water and Logran ® were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Each solution, as well as the controls, was dissolved in DMSO for the bioassays. The target species used were lettuce, watercress, tomato and onion. To each pl...

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“…Patents that were reported, both in the European Patent Office and the Brazilian National Institute of industrial Property databases, most of which concern inflammatory, allergic, parasitic, infectious or digestive diseases, including extracts from P. angulata (Balbani et al, 2009 (Zakaria et al, 2006); can cause a central nervous system depression which may be correlated with an increased parasympathetic tone (Perez et al, 1998), antioxidant (Al-Fatimi et al, 2007); antipyretic and anticancer agent (Hsieh et al, 2008;Hsu et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2010;Li et al, 2008;Li et al, 2009), mutagenic activity (Almeida et al, 2010). Phytochemical: glycoalkaloids (El-Ashaal et al, 1999), tropane alkaloids (Oksman-Caldentey, 2007;Grynkiewicz & Gadzikowska, 2008;Nash et al, 1993), nicotine alkaloids (Oksman-Caldentey, 2007;Boswell et al, 1999), flavonoids (Wollenweber et al, 2005;Huang et al, 2010), sterols (Amir & Kumar, 2004), steroidal saponins (Ikeda et al, 2000;Nakamura et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2006;Ferreira et al, 1996), pregnane saponins (Zhou et al, 2007), volatile oils and anthocyanins (Jainu & Devi, 2006), steroidal alkaloids, such as solamargine, solasonine and solanine (Sanchez-Mata, et al, 2010;Cornelius et al, 2010;Suthar & Mulani, 2008;Chen et al, 2010) and deacetoxysolaphyllidine-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (Colmenares et al, 2010); phenolic compounds with strong oxidative effects (Mimica-Dukic et al, 2005;Lin et al, 2007;Huang et al, 2010;…”

Section: Plants From Solanaceae Family With Possible Anxiolytic Effecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants from Solanaceae family with possible anxiolytic effect reported on 19th century's Brazilian medical journal

Giorgetti¹,

Negri²

2011

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Abstract:In the beginning of the 19 th century, the first Brazilian scientific knowledge journal on medicinal plants the Gazetas Médicas was launch reporting Brazilian medicinal plants belonging to several botanical families. The aim of this study was research the Solanaceae species that were described as anxiolytics in the 19 th century's Brazilian Medical Gazettes and to make a revision about these species in literature. A taxonomic update, together a careful research about ethnopharmacological, pharmacological and phytochemical, patent process and reports of phytomedicines, was carried out for these Solanaceae species. In this research were found thirteen plants, but the taxonomic update reduced this number to six species. Among them, Physalis angulata L. and Solanum nigrum L. were studied and showed depressor activity on central nervous system (CNS) as described in Gazetas Médicas. This research showed that Solanaceae species reported in this study has potential as anxiolytic drugs and should be investigated more deeply.

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Steroidal saponins and pseudoalkaloid oligoglycoside from Brazilian natural medicine, “fruta do lobo” (fruit of Solanum lycocarpum)

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

Identification of RL-TGR, a coreceptor involved in aversive chemical signaling

Identification of RL-TGR, a coreceptor involved in aversive chemical signaling

Estudo fitoquímico de folhas de Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil (Solanaceae) e sua aplicação na alelopatia

Plants from Solanaceae family with possible anxiolytic effect reported on 19th century's Brazilian medical journal

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