Steroidal Oestrogens and Plant Growth and Development

Hewitt, S.; Hillman, J. R.; Knights, B.A.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1980.tb03172.x

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Furthermore, the physiological, cellular and molecular mechanisms by which BRs regulate plant development suggest that the biological functions of BRs are far beyond promoting cell elongation [13]. BRs are involved in plant reproductive growth, specifically in regulating male fertility [14,15]. In addition, fruit size was increased with the exogenously applied BR or by overexpression of BR synthetic genes in cucumber and tomato, indicating that fruit development [16,17] and flowering [18] are regulated by BRs.…”

Section: Steroid Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The presence of sex hormones in plants was postulated as early as the 20th century [14], and although the presence of a majority of them is questionable, literature confirms the presence of mammalian steroids in 128 species from over 50 families [22]. In 2005, The membrane protein MSBP1 was discovered in the cells of Arabidopsis, which resembles the animal receptor binding progesterone and binds the plant progesterone and other plant steroid hormones [23].…”

Section: Steroid Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exogenous steroid hormones stimulate full development of autonomous endosperm in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2015

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Most flowering plants, including important crops, require double fertilization to form an embryo and endosperm, which nourishes it. Independence from fertilization is a feature of apomictic plants that produce seeds, from which the plants that are clones of the mother plant arise. The phenomenon of apomixis occurs in some sexual plants under specific circumstances. Since the launch of a fertilization-independent mechanism is considered a useful tool for plant breeding, there have been efforts to artificially induce apomixis. We have been able to produce fertilization-independent endosperm in vitro in Arabidopsis over the last few years. This paper demonstrates the methods of improving the quality of the endosperm obtained using plant and mammalian steroid hormones. Additionally, it shows the study on the autonomous endosperm (AE) formation mechanism in vitro.This paper examines the effect of exogenous steroid hormones on unfertilized egg and central cell divisions in culture of unpollinated pistils of Arabidopsis Col-0 wild-type and fie-1 mutant. All media with hormones used (estrone, androsterone, progesterone, and epibrassinolide) stimulated central cell divisions and fertilization-independent endosperm development. The stages of AE development followed the pattern of Arabidopsis thaliana wild type after fertilization. Subsequent stages of AE were observed from 2-nuclear up to cellular with the most advanced occurring on medium with 24-epibrassinolide and progesterone. The significant influence of mammalian sex hormones on speed of AE development and differentiation was noticed. Using restriction analysis, the changes in methylation of FIE gene was established under in vitro condition. The authors of this paper showed that Arabidopsis thaliana has a high potency to fertilization-independent development.

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Section: Steroid Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Steroid Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous steroid hormones stimulate full development of autonomous endosperm in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2015

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“…Similar to other phenolic compounds (Pridham 1964), BPA undergoes in plants to glycosylation which is an important pathway of detoxification influencing both its concentration in plant organs and the consequent phytotoxicity (Hamada et al 2002;Nakajima et al 2002Nakajima et al , 2004Schmidt and Schuphan 2002). A scarce number of investigations are available in the current literature on the action of estrogen molecules in higher plants, including their effects on seed germination, vegetative growth and reproductive development (Hewitt et al 1980;Jones and Roddick 1988;Shore et al 1992). For example, the xenoestrogens, estrone and 17b-estradiol, were shown to stimulate growth of alfalfa at concentrations found in sewage water (Shore et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Phytotoxic, clastogenic and bioaccumulation effects of the environmental endocrine disruptor bisphenol A in various crops grown hydroponically

Ferrara

Loffredo

Senesi

2005

Planta

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The effects of the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) at concentrations of 10 and 50 mg l(-1) were evaluated on the germination and morphology, micronuclei (MN) content in root tip cells and BPA bioaccumulation of hydroponic seedlings of broad bean (Vicia faba L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) after 6 and 21 days of growth. In general, BPA at any dose used did not inhibit germination and early growth (6 days) of seedlings of the species examined, with the exception of primary root length of tomato which decreased at the higher BPA dose. In contrast, an evident phytotoxicity was induced by BPA in all species after 21 days of growth with evident morphological anomalies and significant reductions of the lengths and fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots of seedlings. With respect to the nutrient medium without seedlings, BPA concentration decreased markedly during the growth period in the presence of broad bean and tomato seedlings, and limitedly in the presence of durum wheat and, especially, lettuce. Further, the presence of BPA measured in roots and shoots of broad bean and tomato after 21-day growth indicated that bioaccumulation of BPA had occurred. The number of MN in broad bean and durum wheat root tip cells increased markedly by treatment with BPA at both concentrations, thus suggesting a potential clastogenic activity of BPA in these species.

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“…Although 17β-estradiol occurs less frequently, it can be oxidized to estrone (22), potentially contributing to the ubiquity of estrone. Estrone is typically associated with vertebrates (23), but also may be considered a phytoestrogen, as it has been isolated from plant species (24)(25)(26). In addition to natural environmental sources, estrone can be associated with human residential wastewater effluent (18,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suburbanization, estrogen contamination, and sex ratio in wild amphibian populations

Lambert

Giller

Barber

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Research on endocrine disruption in frog populations, such as shifts in sex ratios and feminization of males, has predominantly focused on agricultural pesticides. Recent evidence suggests that suburban landscapes harbor amphibian populations exhibiting similar levels of endocrine disruption; however the endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) sources are unknown. Here, we show that sex ratios of metamorphosing frogs become increasingly female-dominated along a suburbanization gradient. We further show that suburban ponds are frequently contaminated by the classical estrogen estrone and a variety of EDCs produced by plants (phytoestrogens), and that the diversity of organic EDCs is correlated with the extent of developed land use and cultivated lawn and gardens around a pond. Our work also raises the possibility that trace-element contamination associated with human land use around suburban ponds may be contributing to the estrogenic load within suburban freshwaters and constitutes another source of estrogenic exposure for wildlife. These data suggest novel, unexplored pathways of EDC contamination in human-altered environments. In particular, we propose that vegetation changes associated with suburban neighborhoods (e.g., from forests to lawns and ornamental plants) increase the distribution of phytoestrogens in surface waters. The result of frog sex ratios varying as a function of human land use implicates a role for environmental modulation of sexual differentiation in amphibians, which are assumed to only have genetic sex determination. Overall, we show that endocrine disruption is widespread in suburban frog populations and that the causes are likely diverse.A mphibians are a model animal system for studying endocrine disruption in nature (1). Wild amphibians show evidence (such as testicular oocytes) of feminizing endocrine disruption in human-modified environments (2-7). With few exceptions (6, 7), research on amphibians has focused on agricultural landscapes (2, 4, 5) and the effects of pesticides such as atrazine (2,8). In parallel, endocrine disruption in fish has been observed in the context of chemical gradients associated with sources of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as municipal wastewater treatment facility discharges (9-11). These studies imply that endocrine disruption in aquatic systems is caused predominantly by industrial-or municipalscale activities. However, recent work has revealed that suburban neighborhoods also may be hotspots for endocrine disruption, and green frogs [Rana (Lithobates) clamitans] from "backyard ponds" have been reported (6, 7) to exhibit higher frequencies of feminizing endocrine disruption (testicular oocytes in males) than frogs from other land uses (forest, agricultural, and urban). Endocrine disruption appears to be a ubiquitous phenomenon in suburban ponds, with testicular oocytes observed in male green frogs at all 34 suburban ponds studied to date (6, 7). The causes of endocrine disruption in suburban landscapes have not yet been studied. Although some ...

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Steroidal Oestrogens and Plant Growth and Development

Cited by 36 publications

References 74 publications

Exogenous steroid hormones stimulate full development of autonomous endosperm in Arabidopsis thaliana

Exogenous steroid hormones stimulate full development of autonomous endosperm in Arabidopsis thaliana

Phytotoxic, clastogenic and bioaccumulation effects of the environmental endocrine disruptor bisphenol A in various crops grown hydroponically

Suburbanization, estrogen contamination, and sex ratio in wild amphibian populations

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