Steroidal module of the Athlete Biological Passport

Ponzetto, Federico; Baume, N; Schweizer, Carine; Saugy, Martial; Kuuranne, Tiia

doi:10.1016/j.coemr.2019.05.006

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…On the other hand, this warning does not apply to the various steroid concentration ratios included in the ABP, which proved to be quite stable regardless of the sampling time. After all, the higher stability of concentration ratios with respect to the absolute steroid level is a well‐known feature of the ABP and justifies their consistent use in the ABP interpretation …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are mentioned as additional constituents of the urinary steroidal panel . The effectiveness of this longitudinal Bayesian approach has been verified by several studies …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Quite obviously, considerable time‐lag and biochemical differences occur between biomarkers measured in blood/serum and urine with respect to the active metabolism processes and factors affecting the metabolites' excretion. Among the confounding factors that proved to modify the urinary steroid profile reported in the literature, little attention has been paid to the training activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 The effectiveness of this longitudinal Bayesian approach has been verified by several studies. 5,13,14 A few research groups highlight the superior sensitivity and specificity provided to the ABP interpretation by a multivariate approach. [15][16][17][18] Recently, we compared the univariate Bayesian approach proposed by WADA for the ABP with a multivariate approach based on principal component analysis (PCA) and the diagnostic Hotelling's T 2 and Q residual scores, 19 and we demonstrated an improved performance of the ABP multivariate interpretation in relation to the identification of both deceitful sample replacement and the administration of pharmaceutical testosterone.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multivariate interpretation of the urinary steroid profile and training‐induced modifications. The case study of a Marathon runner

Amante

Pruner

Alladio

et al. 2019

Drug Testing and Analysis

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The steroidal module of the athlete biological passport (ABP) introduced by the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) in 2014 includes six endogenous androgenic steroids and five of their concentration ratios, monitored in urine samples collected repeatedly from the same athlete, whose values are interpreted by a Bayesian model on the basis of intra‐individual variability. The same steroid profile, plus dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and DHEA, was determined in 198 urine samples collected from an amateur marathon runner monitored over three months preceding an international competition. Two to three samples were collected each day and subsequently analyzed by a fully validated gas chromatography–mass spectrometry protocol. The objective of the study was to identify the potential effects of physical activity at different intensity levels on the physiological steroid profile of the athlete. The results were interpreted using principal component analysis and Hotelling's T2 vs Q residuals plots, and were compared with a profile model based on the samples collected after rest. The urine samples collected after activity of moderate or high intensity, in terms of cardiac frequency and/or distance run, proved to modify the basal steroid profile, with particular enhancement of testosterone, epitestosterone, and 5α‐androstane‐3α,17β‐diol. In contrast, all steroid concentration ratios were apparently not modified by intense exercise. The alteration of steroid profiles seemingly lasted for few hours, as most of the samples collected 6 or more hours after training showed profiles compatible with the “after rest” model. These observations issue a warning about the ABP results obtained immediately post‐competition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate interpretation of the urinary steroid profile and training‐induced modifications. The case study of a Marathon runner

Amante

Pruner

Alladio

et al. 2019

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…One of the factors that most affects the athlete's steroid profile is the genetic deletion of the UGT2B17 gene, with a prevalence of 9% in Caucasian populations and 67% in Asian populations [13,14]. This makes it difficult to detect T-doping, especially when the steroid module of the athlete's biological passport (ABP) is in the first stage [2,[15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioanalytical Detection of Steroid Abuse in Sports Based on the Androgenic Activity Measurement

Martín‐Escudero

Muñoz‐Guerra²,

García-Tenorio³

et al. 2021

Chemosensors

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The anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are the most frequently consumed performance enhancing drugs (PED) in sports. In the anti-doping field, the detection of AAS is carried out by the analysis of the athlete’s urine using methodologies based on liquid/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Unfortunately, the detection of unknown compounds is not possible. BDS’s AR CALUX® bio detection technology was studied as an indirect method to detect the administration of a single dose of testosterone (T). Twelve T and placebo single dose administered men volunteers underwent a triple-blind crossover clinical trial. The UGT2B17 deletion was present among the volunteers and evenly distributed in heterozygous (ins/del), wild-type homozygous (ins/ins), and mutated homozygous (del/del) groups. A significant statistical difference in terms of bioluminescence was observed after the testosterone (T) administration for the three types of polymorphic groups. The ratio of means between the pre- and post-T administration periods, depending on the type of polymorphism, was in group ins/ins 3.31 (CI. 95%: 2.07–5.29), group ins/del 4.15 (CI 95%: 3.05–5.67), and group del/del 2.89 (CI 95%: 2.42–3.46). The results of the study are very promising, as they may offer us the possibility of designing a detection approach that, based on intra-individual monitoring of androgenic values, in the UGT2B17 deletion type.

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Effects of the administration of miconazole by different routes on the biomarkers of the “steroidal module” of the Athlete Biological Passport

Mazzarino

Comunità

Torre

et al. 2021

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Steroidal module of the Athlete Biological Passport

Cited by 15 publications

References 49 publications

Multivariate interpretation of the urinary steroid profile and training‐induced modifications. The case study of a Marathon runner

Multivariate interpretation of the urinary steroid profile and training‐induced modifications. The case study of a Marathon runner

Bioanalytical Detection of Steroid Abuse in Sports Based on the Androgenic Activity Measurement

Effects of the administration of miconazole by different routes on the biomarkers of the “steroidal module” of the Athlete Biological Passport

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