Steroidal constituents of Yucca shidigera plants and tissue cultures

Kaneda, Norito; Nakanishi, H.; Staba, E. John

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)81827-0

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Acid-hydrolyzed fractions of these saponins contain both furostanol and spirostanol aglycones. These include sarsapogenin, markogenin, smilagenin, samogenin, gitogenin and neogitogenin (Kaneda et al, 1987). In the plant, these can be found in a multi-component mixture of glycosides (Tanaka et al, 2000;Oleszek et al, 2001, Kowalczyk et al, 2011.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Rumen Ecosystem In Relation To Methanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant components with specific activities against rumen methanogens

Cieślak

Szumacher-Strabel

Stochmal

et al. 2013

Animal

149

102

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A wide range of plant bioactive components (phytochemicals) have been identified as having potential to modulate the processes of fermentation in the rumen. The use of plants or plant extracts as natural feed additives has become a subject of interest not only among nutritionists but also other scientists. Although a large number of phytochemicals (e.g. saponins, tannins and essential oils) have recently been investigated for their methane reduction potential, there have not yet been major breakthroughs that could be applied in practice. A key tenet of this paper is the need for studies on the influence of plant components on methane production to be performed with standardized samples. Where there are consistent effects, the literature suggests that saponins mitigate methanogenesis mainly by reducing the number of protozoa, condensed tannins both by reducing the number of protozoa and by a direct toxic effect on methanogens, whereas essential oils act mostly by a direct toxic effect on methanogens. However, because the rumen is a complex ecosystem, analysis of the influence of plant components on the populations of methanogens should take into account not only the total population of methanogens but also individual orders or species. Although a number of plants and plant extracts have shown potential in studies in vitro, these effects must be confirmed in vivo.Keywords: ruminants, methane, tannins, saponins, essential oils ImplicationsThis review demonstrates that plant phytochemicals can have important effects on rumen methanogens, either by affecting methanogens directly and/or indirectly by affecting rumen protozoa. Modulation of the rumen microbiota, including methanogens and protozoa, with plant extracts such as saponins, tannins and essential oils has implications in improvement of animal nutrition through decreased dietary energy loss, and in limitation of the negative impact on the environment through mitigation of methane production.

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Section: Characteristics Of the Rumen Ecosystem In Relation To Methanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant components with specific activities against rumen methanogens

Cieślak

Szumacher-Strabel

Stochmal

et al. 2013

Animal

149

102

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“…Peaks corresponding to these peaks before acetylation have ion peaks at m/z῎432. Steroidal sapogenins with two hydroxyl groups such as markogenin (25S)-5b-spirostan-2b,3b-diol῍ and samogenin ῌ(25R)-5b-spirostan-2b, 3b-diol῍ , gitogenin ῌ(25R)-5a-spirostan-2a,3b-diol῍ and neogitogenin ῌ(25S)-5a-spirostan-2a,3b-diol῍ that were found in the acid-hydrolyzed glycoside fraction of Yucca schidigera 6) would give these ion peaks. Steroidal saponins which have these aglycones were isolated and identified from Yucca, as well 7) .…”

Section: Investigation Of Spectrophotometrically Determined Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Spectrophotometrically Determined Substances in Yucca Extract by GC/MS, TLC and On-column Injection GC

Uematsu

Hirata²,

Suzuki³

et al. 2004

J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jpn

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Spectrophotometrically determined substances in Yucca extract, listed as "Yucca foam extract" in the "List of Existing Food Additives in Japan", were investigated by GC/MS, TLC and GC. A TLC method using an anisaldehyde color developing reagent similar to that employed in spectrophotometry was established for selective detection of sapogenins in Yucca extract. Several steroidal sapogenins were found by GC/MS in the fractions corresponding to spots on the TLC plate, and these were assumed to have contributed to the color development in spectrophotometry. Sarsasapogenin and smilagenin were the dominant sapogenins. An on-column injection GC method to determine these sapogenins in Yucca extract was also developed. The sum of these two sapogenins in Yucca extract was 0.9῎. The total amount of sapogenin estimated by GC was approximately 2῎, which was similar to that measured by spectrophotometry.

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“…As a rich source of phytochemicals with promising bioactive functions 23 , YS has several components such as steroidal saponins, polyphenolics (e.g., resveratrol and some other stilbenes including yuccaols A, B, C, D and E) 20,24,25 . With 10% of steroidal saponins in its stem dry matter 26 , YS has been perceived as one of the two major commercial saponin sources, the other one is Quillaia saponaria 21 . Saponins have been considered to be vital components of YS in odor control in intensive farming industry 19,27 .…”

Section: Yucca Schidigeramentioning

confidence: 99%