Steroidal alkaloid variation in Veratrum californicum as determined by modern methods of analytical analysis

Turner, Matthew; Rossi, Meagan; Campfield, Vannessa D.; French, John K.; Hunt, Ellie I; Wade, Emily A; McDougal, Owen M.

doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104281

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Major quinoline alkaloids in barks of several Cinchona species were investigated with acidic mobile phase containing ammonium formate [24]. Steroidal alkaloids variation from rhizomes and aerial plants of Veratrum californicum Durand was analyzed with water and ACN, both acidified by FA [25].…”

Section: Chromatographic Separation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid chromatographic separation of alkaloids in herbal medicines: Current status and perspectives

Zhao

Chen

Yu-qian

et al. 2020

J of Separation Science

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Alkaloids are a widespread group of basic compounds in herbal medicines and have attracted great interest due to various pharmaceutical activities and desirable druggability. Their distinctive structures make chromatographic separation fairly difficult. Peak tailing, poor resolution, and inferior column‐to‐column reproducibility are common obstacles to overcome. In order to provide a valuable reference, the methodologies and/or strategies on liquid chromatographic separation of alkaloids in herbal medicines proposed from 2012 to 2019 are thoroughly summarized.

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Section: Chromatographic Separation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid chromatographic separation of alkaloids in herbal medicines: Current status and perspectives

Zhao

Chen

Yu-qian

et al. 2020

J of Separation Science

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“…The alkaloid quantity from V. californicum was determined using HPLC with a charged aerosol detector (CAD) and MS via calibration curves that were determined in triplicate in accordance with a purchased standard ( 2 ). Identification of the alkaloid was performed with HPLC-MS [ 70 ]. Melting point has been used for characterization, as colorless needles of 2 melt at 209.5 to 210.5 °C.…”

Section: Alkaloids Identified In Veratrum Californicummentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Veratrum californicum Alkaloids

et al. 2021

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Veratrum spp. grow throughout the world and are especially prevalent in high mountain meadows of North America. All parts of Veratrum plants have been used for the treatment of ailments including injuries, hypertension, and rheumatic pain since as far back as the 1600s. Of the 17–45 Veratrum spp., Veratrum californicum alkaloids have been proven to possess favorable medicinal properties associated with inhibition of hedgehog (Hh) pathway signaling. Aberrant Hh signaling leads to proliferation of over 20 cancers, including basal cell carcinoma, prostate and colon among others. Six of the most well-studied V. californicum alkaloids are cyclopamine (1), veratramine (2), isorubijervine (3), muldamine (4), cycloposine (5), and veratrosine (6). Recent inspection of the ethanolic extract from V. californicum root and rhizome via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry has detected up to five additional alkaloids that are proposed to be verazine (7), etioline (8), tetrahydrojervine (9), dihydrojervine (10), 22-keto-26-aminocholesterol (11). For each alkaloid identified or proposed in V. californicum, this review surveys literature precedents for extraction methods, isolation, identification, characterization and bioactivity to guide natural product drug discovery associated with this medicinal plant.

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“…The major active ingredient isolated from roots of the above Veratrum plants is steroidal alkaloids, which pharmacological activities mainly focus on decreasing blood pressure, anti-platelet aggregation and anti-thrombosis, and have anti-in ammatory, analgesic and antitumor effect [11][12][13][14]. However, Veratrum plants also contain toxic components such as cevanine-ester alkaloids [13][14][15]. In human nausea, bradycardia, hypotension and apnea develop shortly after ingestion, in some cases resulting in death [12,13,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, "Pimacao" has a high economic value and is one of the main components of Yunnan Baiyao, as well as the principal drug of Yilizhitong pill [10,11]. The major active ingredient isolated from roots of the above Veratrum plants is steroidal alkaloids, which pharmacological activities mainly focus on decreasing blood pressure, anti-platelet aggregation and anti-thrombosis, and have anti-in ammatory, analgesic and antitumor effect [11][12][13][14]. However, Veratrum plants also contain toxic components such as cevanine-ester alkaloids [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Chloroplast Genome Analysis of Medicinally Important Veratrum (Melanthiaceae) in China: Insights into Genomic Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships

Zhang

Han

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Veratrum is a genus of perennial herbs that are widely used as traditional Chinese medicine for emetic, resolving blood stasis and relieve pain. However, the species classification and the phylogenetic relationship of the genus Veratrum have long been controversial due to the complexity of morphological variations. Knowledge on the infrageneric relationships of the genus Veratrum can be obtained from their chloroplast genome sequences and increase the taxonomic and phylogenetic resolution.Methods: Total DNA was extracted from ten species of Veratrum and subjected to next-generation sequencing. The cp genome was assembled by NOVOPlasty. Genome annotation was conducted using the online tool DOGMA and subsequently corrected by Geneious Prime. Then, genomic characterization of the Veratrum plastome and genome comparison with closely related species was analyzed by corresponding software. Moreover, phylogenetical trees were reconstructed, based on the 29 plastomes by maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods.Results: The whole plastomes of Veratrum species possess a typical quadripartite structure, ranging from 151,597 bp to 153,711 bp in size and comprising 135 genes. The gene order, content, and genome structure were nearly identical with a few exceptions across the Veratrum chloroplast genomes. The total number of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) ranged from 31 to 35, and of large sequence repeats (LSRs) ranged from 65 to 71. Seven highly divergent regions (rpoB-trnC, trnT-trnL, trnS-trnG, psbC-psbZ, psbI, ycf1, and ndhF) were identified that can be used for DNA barcoding in the genus of Veratrum. Phylogenetic analyses based on 29 plastomes strongly supported the monophyly of Veratrum. The circumscription and relationships of infrageneric taxa of Veratrum were well evaluated with high resolutions. Conclusions: Our study identified and analyzed the cp genome features of ten Veratrum species, and suggested high effectivity of chloroplast complete genome in resolving generic circumscription in Veratrum. These results will facilitate the identification, taxonomy, and utilization of Veratrum plants as well as the phylogenetic study of Melanthiaceae simultaneously.

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Steroidal alkaloid variation in Veratrum californicum as determined by modern methods of analytical analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Liquid chromatographic separation of alkaloids in herbal medicines: Current status and perspectives

Liquid chromatographic separation of alkaloids in herbal medicines: Current status and perspectives

Review: Veratrum californicum Alkaloids

Comparative Chloroplast Genome Analysis of Medicinally Important Veratrum (Melanthiaceae) in China: Insights into Genomic Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships

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