Steroid metabolism with intestinal microorganisms

Groh, H.; Schade, K; Hörhold‐Schubert, Cläre

doi:10.1002/jobm.3620330115

Cited by 51 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…We propose that the anaerobic condition within the gut allow the production of BOL from the same precursors. Groh et al (1993) widely described the metabolic activities of intestinal micro-organisms on substrates like steroids, that can be degraded via reduction of the A ring, the delta 5-bond, the 17-keto or cleavage of the C17 side chain. In his review, for instance, a strain of Pseudomonas was reported to anaerobically transform cholesterol into ADD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoformation of boldenone and related steroids in faeces of veal calves

Pompa

Arioli

Fracchiolla

et al. 2006

Food Additives and Contaminants

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Conflicting findings regarding the boldenone content of bovine faeces suggest it may be synthesized de novo in emitted faeces. We tested this hypothesis by analysing uncontaminated urine, fresh and various forms of dried faeces from 10 calves (not given boldenone) by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for 17-and 17-boldenone ( and BOL); 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD); 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AED), testosterone (T) and epitestosterone (ET). Urine contained no BOL, BOL or ADD. The analysed substances were variably present in the rectal faeces, and at generally higher levels in faeces scraped from skin or stall floor. In pooled rectal faeces naturally dried for 13 days, BOL, ADD, AED and ET levels were extremely high (much higher than accounted for by increases due to drying), and BOL and T were absent. It is concluded that de novo synthesis of BOL and metabolites occurs naturally in bovine faeces and only uncontaminated urine should be analysed for illegal boldenone.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoformation of boldenone and related steroids in faeces of veal calves

Pompa

Arioli

Fracchiolla

et al. 2006

Food Additives and Contaminants

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“…The reabsorbed steroids are passed via the portal system to the liver, where they are mostly reconjugated and re-enter the bile to repeat the enterohepatic cycle. The physiological signi®cance of the enterohepatic circulation is not well understood, but the overall effect is a delay in the excretion of steroids, and hence an increase in plasma and urinary levels (Adlercreutz & Martin, 1980;Adlercreutz et al 1987;Groh et al 1993). Dietary factors that affect gastrointestinal function, especially bacterial metabolism and the intestinal absorptive capacity, could therefore in¯uence hormonal status.…”

Section: Dietary Effects On Sex Hormone Levels: Possible Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of diet on circulating sex hormone levels in men

Allen¹,

Key²

2000

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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There is considerable epidemiological evidence that a Western-style diet may increase the risk of certain hormone-dependent conditions in men via its effects on hormone metabolism. Experimental evidence also suggests that dietary factors may exert subtle effects on hormone metabolism. Here we review the clinical and epidemiological evidence that diet is associated with circulating sex hormone levels in men. In comparison with factors such as age and BMI, nutrients do not appear to be strong determinants of sex hormone levels. Dietary intervention studies have not shown that a change in dietary fat and/or dietary ®bre intake is associated with changes in circulating sex hormone concentrations over the short term. The data on the effects of dietary phyto-oestrogens on sex hormone levels in men are too limited for conclusions to be drawn. Observational studies between men from different dietary groups have shown that a vegan diet is associated with small but signi®cant increases in sex-hormone-binding globulin and testosterone concentrations in comparison with meat-eaters. However, these studies have not demonstrated that variations in dietary composition have any long-term important effects on circulating bioavailable sex hormone levels in men. This lack of effect may be partly explained by the body's negative feedback mechanism, which balances out small changes in androgen metabolism in order to maintain a constant level of circulating bioavailable androgens. It appears, therefore, that future studies should look for dietary effects on the feedback mechanism itself, or on the metabolism of androgens within the target tissues.

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“…Sulfated steroids would reach the gut fl ora through enterohepatic circulation ( 13 ). This mechanism seems quite possible because it has been proved that the ingestion of antibiotics increases the concentration of sulfated steroids in feces ( 36,37 ). During our experimental work, different approaches were used to try to release the sulfate from the structure of the steroids with 27 carbons.…”

Section: Sulfatase Activity In Rxlimentioning

confidence: 99%