Steroid Hormones and Bone

Silberberg, Martin; Silberberg, Ruth

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-119203-7.50018-0

Cited by 37 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Castration leads to prologation of the process of epiphysial growth and to a disproportionate increase in the length of long bones (Hammond, 1932;Bradfield, 1967;Brannang, 1971;Silberberg and Silberberg, 1971;Kay and Houseman, 1974). In the present study castration increased the development of the bones of the radius and ulna, femur and total long bones.…”

Section: Gender Effectssupporting

confidence: 47%

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The effect of breed-type and castration on bone growth and distribution in cattle

Shahin¹,

Berg²,

Price³

1992

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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Section: Gender Effectssupporting

confidence: 47%

“…Hammond (1932) (Silberberg and Silberberg, 1971). Hammond (1932) reported that the ribs in bulls were more strongly developed and more markedly curved than those of steers.…”

Section: Gender Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of breed-type and castration on bone growth and distribution in cattle

Shahin¹,

Berg²,

Price³

1992

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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“…It is reported that estrogen causes increase in parathyroid activity (Pitkin et al, 1978) which leads to marked acceleration of calcium uptake (Connor et al, 1994;Heaney, 1993) and decreases of its elimination from pigeon's gut (Silberberg and Silberberg, 1956). Increments in blood calcium can result in increased bone density in healthy women (Rocker, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effect of ovarian hormones on water and electrolyte balance is well documented ands has been published earlier by Dadlani et al (1982). Estrogen leads to a marked acceleration of calcium up take and decrease of its elimination through pigeon's gut (Silberberg and Silberberg, 1956). In non-pregnant women estrogen administration produces increased parathyroid activity (Pitkin et al, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Salivary Electrolytes during Normal Menstrual Cycle with Special Reference to Ovulation

Alagendran¹,

Archunan²,

Armando³

et al. 2010

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Abstract:There is evidence to imply that estrogen influences salivary electrolytes activity in women. Problem statement: In this study we investigated changes in sodium, potassium and inorganic phosphorus, calcium and magnesium which related to find out the precise day of ovulation. These changes might help to explain the fluctuation of ovarian hormones such as preovulatory estrogen surge. Approach: Human whole saliva was collected from 48 healthy subjects of women (age range 20-30 years) during reproductive phases of menstrual cycle were assayed using atomic absorption spectrometer and enzyme immune assay. Amongst a range of electrolytes have been identified such as sodium, potassium, inorganic phosphorus and calcium were comparatively found to be higher during ovulatory phase when compared to that of other phases. Changes were attributed to a probable hormonal outcome on salivary composition. Results: Conversely, in other phases (preovulatory and postovulatory) electrolytes activity like magnesium and calcium decreased later, declining significantly (p<0.05). The increase of electrolytes like sodium and potassium in human saliva, during ovulatory phase might be due to the circulation of steroid hormones. Conclusion: Further, the presence of particular salts influence by ovarian hormones like LH and progesterone in ovulatory saliva makes the possibility to expand a sign for spotlight of ovulation by means of noninvasive method.

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“…To study the effects of estrogen, many researchers have used ovariectomy, ovariectomy with subsequent estrogen injection, or transgenic mice of estrogen receptors (Silberberg and Silberberg 1971;Weise et al 2001;van der Eerden et al 2003;Bardin et al 2004;Eastell 2005;Oestergaard et al 2006).…”

Section: Tissue Preparation and Morphological Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal Bone Growth Requires Optimal Estrogen Levels: Negative Effects of Both High and Low Dose Estrogen on the Number of Growth Plate Chondrocytes

Takano

Aizawa

Irie

et al. 2008

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Endochondral bone formation at epiphyseal growth plate consists of the synchronized processes of chondrogenesis and cartilage ossifi cation. Estrogen, the major female sex hormone, plays an important role in this process, particularly during the pubertal growth spurt. However, its effects on the growth plate are not completely understood. The aims of this study were to clarify the effects of estrogen on the kinetics of chondrocytes in the growth plates of 10-to 25-week-old female rabbits by studying the effects of ovariectomy or highdose administration of estrogen on the balance between cell proliferation and death. Fortyeight Japanese white rabbits were divided into three groups: sham operated, ovariectomized, or ovariectomized with subsequent weekly injection of high dose estrogen from 10 weeks. The chondrocyte kinetics was investigated by histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry, using antibodies for caspase-3, a marker of apoptosis, and for proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Both ovariectomized and estrogen-injected rabbits showed a declination of the chondrocyte number although the latter animals indicated a more dramatic effect. Estrogen-injected rabbits showed a decrease in the cell proliferating ability together with an increase in chondrocytes undergoing apoptosis while ovariectomy mainly reduced the cell proliferating ability. Given the known importance of estrogen for bone growth, one would expect that ovariectomy and high-dose administration of estrogen would have opposite effects. However, the present study indicated that both low and high concentration had a similar effect: a decrease in the chondrocyte number compared with control, suggesting that estrogen has to be maintained within a narrow range for optimal bone growth. growth plate; chondrocyte; estrogen; ovariectomy; apoptosis.Tohoku

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Steroid Hormones and Bone

Cited by 37 publications

References 96 publications

The effect of breed-type and castration on bone growth and distribution in cattle

The effect of breed-type and castration on bone growth and distribution in cattle

Evaluation of Salivary Electrolytes during Normal Menstrual Cycle with Special Reference to Ovulation

Normal Bone Growth Requires Optimal Estrogen Levels: Negative Effects of Both High and Low Dose Estrogen on the Number of Growth Plate Chondrocytes

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