Stereospecific high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of tramadol and its O-demethylated (M1) and N,O-demethylated (M5) metabolites in human plasma

Mehvar, Reza; Elliott, Katherine J.; Parasrampuria, Ridhi; Eradiri, Okponanabofa

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.01.004

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…O-desmethyltramadol (ODT) is an active metabolite displaying 2 to 4 times the analgesic activity of the parent drug and longer half-life, so sharing also some toxic effects of the parent compound. 7,8 Soon after the approval, tramadol abuse, misuse, and overdose have been increasingly observed worldwide due to its opioid properties. [9][10][11] The most frequent side effects at therapeutic dosages include nausea, dizziness, somnolence, drowsiness, enhanced sweating, vomiting and dry mouth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe acute lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia due to isolate tramadol poisoning

Granauro

Comite²,

Lippi

et al. 2016

Emerg Care J

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe acute lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia due to isolate tramadol poisoning

Granauro

Comite²,

Lippi

et al. 2016

Emerg Care J

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“…The methods described for the determination of tramadol in biological samples involve gas chromatography (GC) with nitrogen-phosphorous detection [6], flame ionization detection [7] or mass spectrometry (MS) [4,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Methods involving liquid chromatography (LC) with ultraviolet [18][19][20][21], fluorescence [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], electrochemical [34], diode array [35] or MS detection [36][37][38][39][40] were also reported. However, there is no HPLC-DAD method for determination of tramadol in saliva.…”

Section: Tramadol Hydrochloride (T) (±)-Trans-2-[(dimethyl-amino) Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector Method for the Determination of Tramadol in Human Saliva

Aziz¹,

Sayed²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2012

J Chromatograph Separat Techniq

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A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector method (HPLC-DAD) was developed and validated for the determination of tramadol in human saliva. Samples of saliva were prepared utilizing liquid-liquid extraction with hexane-ethyl acetate (4:1, v/v). Propranolol was used as an internal standard (IS). The linear range and average recovery of tramadol were 0.25-4.00 µg/mL and 94.70%, respectively. The intra-and inter-assay precisions at low, intermediate and high concentrations were within 1.40-9.79 % and 0.77-3.98%, respectively. Intra-and inter-assay accuracies were within 98.50-107.13% and 100.44-103.89%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine tramadol in saliva concentrations in three healthy volunteers for 24 hours after administration of 100 mg oral doses of tramadol.

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“…On the other hand, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are unable to completely remove pharmaceutical compounds, and thus their effluents are also sources of these compounds in aquatic systems [2][3][4]. Therefore, residues (i.e., unchanged compounds and their metabolites) are continuously discharged into surface waters, where they can cause toxic effects Different analytical techniques have been reported for the simultaneous quantification of tramadol and its metabolites in biological samples, such as the brain tissue of mice and rats [22], saliva [23], urine [23,24], amniotic fluid [25], plasma [23,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], and environmental samples [11,40], but reports regarding enantiomeric quantification are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantiomeric Separation of Tramadol and Its Metabolites: Method Validation and Application to Environmental Samples

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The accurate assessment of racemic pharmaceuticals requires enantioselective analytical methods. This study presents the development and validation of an enantioselective liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detection method for the concomitant quantification of the enantiomers of tramadol and their metabolites, N-desmethyltramadol and O-desmethyltramadol, in wastewater samples. Optimized conditions were achieved using a Lux Cellulose-4 column 150 × 4.6 mm, 3 µm isocratic elution, and 0.1% diethylamine in hexane and ethanol (96:4, v/v) at 0.7 mL min −1 . The samples were extracted using 150 mg Oasis ® mixed-mode cation exchange (MCX) cartridges. The method was validated using a synthetic effluent of a laboratory-scale aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactor. The method demonstrated to be selective, accurate, and linear (r 2 > 0.99) over the range of 56 ng L −1 to 392 ng L −1 . The detection and the quantification limits of each enantiomer were 8 ng L −1 and 28 ng L −1 for tramadol and N-desmethyltramadol, and 20 ng L −1 and 56 ng L −1 for O-desmethyltramadol. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated in a screening study in influent and effluent samples from a wastewater treatment plant. The results demonstrated the occurrence of tramadol enantiomers up to 325.1 ng L −1 and 357.9 ng L −1 , in the effluent and influent samples, respectively. Both metabolites were detected in influents and effluents.

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Stereospecific high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of tramadol and its O-demethylated (M1) and N,O-demethylated (M5) metabolites in human plasma

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Severe acute lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia due to isolate tramadol poisoning

Severe acute lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia due to isolate tramadol poisoning

Development and Validation of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector Method for the Determination of Tramadol in Human Saliva

Enantiomeric Separation of Tramadol and Its Metabolites: Method Validation and Application to Environmental Samples

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