Stereoselective biocatalysis: A mature technology for the asymmetric synthesis of pharmaceutical building blocks

Abstract

Biocatalysis is gaining increasing attention in the academic and industrial sector due to the possibility of developing highly stereoselective transformations in a sustainable manner. The creation of stereogenic centers in organic synthesis is not trivial and multiple approaches have been disclosed based on 2 organometallic and organocatalytic methods with the use of day by day more complex catalysts to induce asymmetry in selected transformations. The intrinsic chirality of enzymes makes them powerful tools for the development of stereoselective transformations, catalysing a wide range of chemical reactions due to the high abundance and diversity of enzymes in nature. In addition, the enormous advances in rational design and molecular biology methods have opened up the possibility to create more robust and versatile biocatalysts, which have improved the initial activities displayed by wild-type enzymes. Therefore, their applicability has been widely increased in terms of reaction conditions, substrate specificity, activity and selectivity among others. All these properties have attracted the industrial sector, which has taken advantage of the enzyme selectivities in multiple scenarios. Herein, the focus has been put in recent developments of stereoselective transformations for the synthesis of valuable building blocks towards the production of pharmaceuticals and biologically active natural products.

Physicochemical Study of the Interaction between Gold Nanoparticles and Lipase from Candida sp. (CALB): Insights into the Nano-Bio Interface

“…and employed since it is an efficient catalyst that can be used for both hydrolysis in aqueous media and esterification in aquo-restricted media or pure organic solvents. 25,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Different methodologies have been developed in order to alter the stability, activity and even the enantioselectivity of enzymes. [38][39][40][41][42][43] In this context, the interaction between enzymes and AuNPs can trigger changes in enzyme conformation, and consequently, changes in their inherent properties.…”

“…Enzymes are remarkable biocatalysts, owing to their chemo-, regio-and stereoselectivity, which are very attractive for a huge range of applications in industry, biotechnology and research. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Lipase from Candida antarctica fraction B (CALB) is widely studied…”

Stereoselective Synthesis of 1‐Arylpropan‐2‐amines from Allylbenzenes through a Wacker‐Tsuji Oxidation‐Biotransamination Sequential Process

“…Nowadays, Biocatalysis is considered a practical and mature technology for the synthesis of optically active compounds, [8] providing several elegant (chemo) enzymatic strategies for the synthesis of chiral amines. [9] Thus, various families of biocatalysts have been efficiently employed in the asymmetric preparation of 1-arylpropan-2-amines using amine transaminases (ATAs), [10] amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs), [11] imine reductases (IREDs), [12] reductive aminases (RedAms) [13] or hydrolases such as lipases and proteases.…”

Role of Enzymes in Synthesis of Biologically Important Organic Scaffolds

“…Microbial enzymes have various advantages over other plants and animals like microbes can grow in extreme environmental conditions and have short generation time. In general, enzymes act as a machinery of nature to synthesize new organic compounds, already discussed by various researchers [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. This review shows some examples of biocatalysts (enzymes) used for the production of various organic compounds and heterocycles.…”