Introduction 3605 2. Synthesis of Perlin Aldehydes 3606 2.1. Mercurial Approach 3606 2.2. Nonmercurial Approach 3606 3. Mechanism for the Formation of Perlin Aldehydes from 3,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal 3607 4. Applications of Perlin Aldehydes 3607 4.1. Synthesis of Natural Products and Related Compounds 3607 4.2. Synthesis of Nucleosides 3621 4.3. Cycloaddition Reactions3623 4.3.1. Intramolecular Pauson-Khand Cycloaddition 3623 4.3.2. Diels−Alder Reaction 3623 4.3.3. Annulation Reaction 3624 4.4. Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydroquinolines, 1,5-Benzodiazepines and N-Aryltetrahydropyridines 3624 4.5. Stereoselective Synthesis of C-(Alkynyl)-, C-(Allyl)-, and C-(Cyano)-pseudoglycals 3625 4.6. Synthesis of 2,3-Epoxy Alcohols, Trisubstituted Tetrahydrofurans and Their Derivatives 3626 4.7. Synthesis of Optically Pure β-Lactams 3626 4.8. Aldol Addition Reaction 3626 4.9. Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) Chemistry 3627 4.10.