Stepwise pathway engineering to the biosynthesis of zeaxanthin, astaxanthin and capsanthin in rice endosperm

Ha, Sun-Hwa; Kim, Jae Kwang; Jeong, Ye Sol; You, Min Kyoung; Lim, Sung-Hun; Kim, Ju-Kon

doi:10.1016/j.ymben.2018.11.012

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Similarly, the combined expression of the bacterial CrtB and CrtI in Canola seeds led to higher increase in carotenoid content, compared to CrtB alone [219]. This combination gave also rise to "Golden Wheat" [220], while the generation of "Golden Potato" Haematococcus β-carotene ketolase) has been successfully employed for stepwise metabolic engineering of astaxanthin in rice endosperm [229]. Most of carotenoid-biofortified crops were produced by directing the transgene(s) into the nucleus.…”

Section: Metabolic Engineering Strategies For Carotenoid Biofortificamentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoid biofortification in crop plants: citius, altius, fortius

Zheng

Giuliano

Al‐Babili

2020

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

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Section: Metabolic Engineering Strategies For Carotenoid Biofortificamentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoid biofortification in crop plants: citius, altius, fortius

Zheng

Giuliano

Al‐Babili

2020

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

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“…To examine the transgene copy number in rice genomes, TaqMan real-time PCR was performed using the primer set NF/NR, a customized probe NP labeled with a 6-carboxyfluorescein dye to detect a Nos terminator on the BAR cassette (35S::Bar:: Nos), and the customized VIC dye-labeled α-tubulin probe (Os11g14220), as an internal reference (Assay ID: Os03643486_s1; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). The PCR was carried out using a TaqMan Gene Expression Master Mix (Applied Biosystems), and fluorescence was measured with the CFX Connect™ Real-Time System (Bio-Rad, Richmond, CA) relative to the value of 1 copy in the homozygous T3 generation of the stPAC 25 rice line [32] using PCR conditions, as previously described [43]. The sequences of primers and probes used in the genomic DNA analysis are listed in Additional file 4: Table S7.…”

Section: Rice Transformation and Selection Of Transformantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaf and seed samples of rice plants were prepared for carotenoid extraction, as previously described [43]. For HPLC analysis, the analytical samples were prepared by dissolving in dichloromethane/methanol 50:50 (v/v) following the addition of β-apo-8′-carotenal (0.05 mL of 25 μg/mL, Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co, St. Louis, MO) as an internal standard, separating into layers with hexane (1.5 mL), and desiccating under liquid nitrogen.…”

Section: Quantification Of Carotenoids and Chlorophyllsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For HPLC analysis, the analytical samples were prepared by dissolving in dichloromethane/methanol 50:50 (v/v) following the addition of β-apo-8′-carotenal (0.05 mL of 25 μg/mL, Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co, St. Louis, MO) as an internal standard, separating into layers with hexane (1.5 mL), and desiccating under liquid nitrogen. Carotenoids were then separated with a YMC ODS C-30 column (3 μm, 4.6 × 250 mm; YMC Europe, Germany) by an Agilent 1100 Series HPLC system (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA) equipped with a photodiode array detector under elution conditions, as previously described [43]. The chromatograms were generated at 472 nm for lycopene and 450 nm for the other compounds, including α-carotene, (all-E)-β-carotene, 9Z-β-carotene, 13Z-βcarotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, violaxanthin, and zeaxanthin.…”

Section: Quantification Of Carotenoids and Chlorophyllsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The organ-specific differential roles of rice DXS and DXR, the first two enzymes of the MEP pathway, in carotenoid metabolism in Oryza sativa leaves and seeds

et al. 2020

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Background: Deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) are the enzymes that catalyze the first two enzyme steps of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway to supply the isoprene building-blocks of carotenoids. Plant DXR and DXS enzymes have been reported to function differently depending on the plant species. In this study, the differential roles of rice DXS and DXR genes in carotenoid metabolism were investigated. Results: The accumulation of carotenoids in rice seeds co-expressing OsDXS2 and stPAC was largely enhanced by 3.4-fold relative to the stPAC seeds and 315.3-fold relative to non-transgenic (NT) seeds, while the overexpression of each OsDXS2 or OsDXR caused no positive effect on the accumulation of either carotenoids or chlorophylls in leaves and seeds, suggesting that OsDXS2 functions as a rate-limiting enzyme supplying IPP/DMAPPs to seed carotenoid metabolism, but OsDXR doesn't in either leaves or seeds. The expressions of OsDXS1, OsPSY1, OsPSY2, and OsBCH2 genes were upregulated regardless of the reductions of chlorophylls and carotenoids in leaves; however, there was no significant change in the expression of most carotenogenic genes, even though there was a 315.3-fold increase in the amount of carotenoid in rice seeds. These non-proportional expression patterns in leaves and seeds suggest that those metabolic changes of carotenoids were associated with overexpression of the OsDXS2, OsDXR and stPAC transgenes, and the capacities of the intermediate biosynthetic enzymes might be much more important for those metabolic alterations than the transcript levels of intermediate biosynthetic genes are. Taken together, we propose a 'Three Faucets and Cisterns Model' about the relationship among the rate-limiting enzymes OsDXSs, OsPSYs, and OsBCHs as a "Faucet", the biosynthetic capacity of intermediate metabolites as a "Cistern", and the carotenoid accumulations as the content of "Cistern". Conclusion:Our study suggests that OsDXS2 plays an important role as a rate-limiting enzyme supplying IPP/ DMAPPs to the seed-carotenoid accumulation, and rice seed carotenoid metabolism could be largely enhanced without any significant transcriptional alteration of carotenogenic genes. Finally, the "Three Faucets and Cisterns model" presents the extenuating circumstance to elucidate rice seed carotenoid metabolism.

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“…Finally, carotene molecules undergo a variety of decorations catalyzed by specific CYP450, epoxidase, ketolase or hydroxylase to produce the bioactive carotenoids [222]. Successful engineering of rice grain resulted in the accumulation of β-carotene, canthaxanthin, capsanthin and astaxanthin in the case of Golden Rice and aSTARice [225,226]. Engineered maize grain with a high content of astaxanthin has been evaluated as fish feed supplement for effective pigmentation of rainbow trout flesh [227].…”

Section: Ssl-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for the production of biochemicals in bioenergy crops

Lin

Eudes

2020

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Industrial crops are grown to produce goods for manufacturing. Rather than food and feed, they supply raw materials for making biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and specialty chemicals, as well as feedstocks for fabricating fiber, biopolymer, and construction materials. Therefore, such crops offer the potential to reduce our dependency on petrochemicals that currently serve as building blocks for manufacturing the majority of our industrial and consumer products. In this review, we are providing examples of metabolites synthesized in plants that can be used as bio-based platform chemicals for partial replacement of their petroleum-derived counterparts. Plant metabolic engineering approaches aiming at increasing the content of these metabolites in biomass are presented. In particular, we emphasize on recent advances in the manipulation of the shikimate and isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways, both of which being the source of multiple valuable compounds. Implementing and optimizing engineered metabolic pathways for accumulation of coproducts in bioenergy crops may represent a valuable option for enhancing the commercial value of biomass and attaining sustainable lignocellulosic biorefineries.

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Stepwise pathway engineering to the biosynthesis of zeaxanthin, astaxanthin and capsanthin in rice endosperm

Cited by 48 publications

References 40 publications

Carotenoid biofortification in crop plants: citius, altius, fortius

Carotenoid biofortification in crop plants: citius, altius, fortius

The organ-specific differential roles of rice DXS and DXR, the first two enzymes of the MEP pathway, in carotenoid metabolism in Oryza sativa leaves and seeds

Strategies for the production of biochemicals in bioenergy crops

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