Stepping Up to a New Level: Effects of Blurring Vision in the Elderly

Heasley, Karen; Buckley, John; Scally, Andy J.; Twigg, Peter C.; Elliott, David B.

doi:10.1167/iovs.03-1199

Cited by 66 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…The slower speed of COP may be potentially beneficial for maintaining the dynamic balance that is necessary for supporting an upright posture during stair descent. In a previous study 41) , the elderly decreased the frontal plane separation between COM and COP to avoid losing balance when they climbed stairs with their vision experimentally blurred as compared to the same t a s k w i t h v i s i o n f u l l y f u n c t i o n a l . T h e s e observations may indicate that the elderly participants displayed a more cautious strategy for optimizing postural stabilit y during stair negotiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

A Comparison of the Center of Pressure during Stair Descent in Young and Healthy Elderly Adults

Kim

2009

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose]The purpose of this study was to investigate the center of pressure (COP) trajectory during stair descent in young and healthy elderly adults.[Subjects] Fifteen community-dwelling healthy elderly adults (mean age, 73.1 ± 4.3 years) and 15 healthy young adults (mean age, 23.6 ± 2.4 years) volunteered to participate in this study.[Methods] Subjects stood in a predetermined position on the top of a staircase. Participants were then instructed to descend the staircase with three steps at a self-paced speed and continue for several strides after striking the force platform on the floor. Participants were required to place only one foot on each step (foot-over-foot) at a time. Performance was assessed by recording changes in the displacement of COP in the anteroposterior (A-P) and mediolateral (M-L) directions as well as recording the average velocity of COP by the use of two force platforms.[Results] The A-P and M-L displacements of COP as well as the average velocity of COP of the elderly were significantly lower than those of the young adults for both the right and the left feet (p<0.01).[Conclusion] The COP shift and velocity during stair descent might be appropriate parameters for identifying risk factors associated with stair-based accidents or falling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

A Comparison of the Center of Pressure during Stair Descent in Young and Healthy Elderly Adults

Kim

2009

J Phys Ther Sci

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“…Both younger and older adults reduced gait speed and step length when information from the lower visual field was blocked while walking across a multisurface terrain [14]. Stepping up to a raised surface in a blurred vision condition increased toe clearance and reduced lateral displacement of the body centre of mass [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered vision destabilizes gait in older persons

Helbostad

Vereijken²,

Hesseberg³

et al. 2009

Gait & Posture

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“…Aspects of the weighting that occurs in estimating collision potential involves spacing and timing of movement [371], and the affordances that individual people associate with the things that they see around them [20], including the information conveyed by gait and body language [372]. Much of this information is inaccurate in human sensing, however, as are people's estimates of the relative influence of conflicting factors [240], and inaccuracies may grow more cumbersome as we age [373,374], or when we encounter things that are unfamiliar [375,376]. Visual information is also often highly dependent upon the state and position of the person doing the looking, and in this regard gaze has been shown to be of particular importance [238,371,377]; indeed, this component of vision is now readily testable using eye tracking technology and has therefore received considerable attention [9].…”

Section: Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Streetscapes

Torrens

2016

Computation

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Abstract:Streetscapes have presented a long-standing interest in many fields. Recently, there has been a resurgence of attention on streetscape issues, catalyzed in large part by computing. Because of computing, there is more understanding, vistas, data, and analysis of and on streetscape phenomena than ever before. This diversity of lenses trained on streetscapes permits us to address long-standing questions, such as how people use information while mobile, how interactions with people and things occur on streets, how we might safeguard crowds, how we can design services to assist pedestrians, and how we could better support special populations as they traverse cities. Amid each of these avenues of inquiry, computing is facilitating new ways of posing these questions, particularly by expanding the scope of what-if exploration that is possible. With assistance from computing, consideration of streetscapes now reaches across scales, from the neurological interactions that form among place cells in the brain up to informatics that afford real-time views of activity over whole urban spaces. For some streetscape phenomena, computing allows us to build realistic but synthetic facsimiles in computation, which can function as artificial laboratories for testing ideas. In this paper, I review the domain science for studying streetscapes from vantages in physics, urban studies, animation and the visual arts, psychology, biology, and behavioral geography. I also review the computational developments shaping streetscape science, with particular emphasis on modeling and simulation as informed by data acquisition and generation, data models, path-planning heuristics, artificial intelligence for navigation and way-finding, timing, synthetic vision, steering routines, kinematics, and geometrical treatment of collision detection and avoidance. I also discuss the implications that the advances in computing streetscapes might have on emerging developments in cyber-physical systems and new developments in urban computing and mobile computing.

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Stepping Up to a New Level: Effects of Blurring Vision in the Elderly

Cited by 66 publications

References 44 publications

A Comparison of the Center of Pressure during Stair Descent in Young and Healthy Elderly Adults

A Comparison of the Center of Pressure during Stair Descent in Young and Healthy Elderly Adults

Altered vision destabilizes gait in older persons

Computational Streetscapes

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