Step Towards Prevention of Antibiotic Resistance – A Prospective Study in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

Abstract

Introduction: Traditionally antibiotics have been advised pre and post operatively in surgery for gall bladder. The knowledge about usage of a single dose prophylactic preoperative antibiotic in comparison to conventional usage of perioperative antibiotics in laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is limited. Hence, this study focuses on comparing the efficacy of a single dose prophylactic antibiotic versus the usage of pre and postoperative antibiotics in laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.
 Method: This is a prospective study conducted in the General Surgery department of Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research. Over 192 consecutive patients subjected for laparoscopic Cholecystectomy were included in study. They were divided in two groups (A&B) after applying exclusion. 74 patients in group A were given single dose of preoperative prophylactic antibiotic. No further post-operative antibiotics were given. 78 patients in group B were given both pre and postoperative antibiotics. Infective complications and cost constraints were compared between both the groups. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test wherever necessary.
 Results: there is no significant difference in the rate of incidence of wound infection in both the groups. Age and gender had no significant association for SSI. The overall cost of Group B was found to be significantly higher than Group A.
 Conclusion: Usage of single dose prophylactic preoperative antibiotics with no further post operative antibiotics would be sufficient to prevent surgical site infection in uncomplicated laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.
 Keywords: Prevention, Antibiotic Resistance, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.