Step-doped disulfide vacancies and functional groups synergistically enhance photocatalytic activity of S-scheme Cu3SnS4/L-BiOBr towards ciprofloxacin degradation

Fabrication of an S-Scheme Heterojunction Photocatalyst MoS2/PANI with Greatly Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance

“…To clarify the type of MoS 2 /PANI heterojunction and charge transfer path, the work function (Φ) of MoS 2 /PANI was determined by UPS. The work function derived from the UPS spectrum helps to determine the Fermi level position of a semiconductor sample. , The Fermi edge ( E Fermi) as well as the secondary electron cutoff edge ( E cutoff) of the sample could be obtained from Figure a–c and Figure S2. The corresponding work function value is given by hv − Φ = E cutoff − E Fermi where hv (21.22 eV) is the energy of the He I excitation light employed in UPS measurements .…”

“…As the heterojunction is illuminated, the electrons on E VB are excited to the E CB . Through the action of built-in electric field and band bending at the interface, the electrons on MoS 2 ( E CB ) recombine with the holes on PANI ( E VB ) through the contact interface, leaving electrons on the CB of PANI and holes on the VB of MoS 2 to participate photocatalytic reactions, while the electrons react with O 2 to produce ·O 2 ̅ and holes react with H 2 O to generate ·OH …”

“…Isopropyl alcohol (IPA), ρ-benzoquinone (BQ), and triethanolamine (TEOA) were employed as scavengers for •OH, •O 2 − , and h + , respectively. Figure 13 shows that when each of the trapping regents was added into the photocatalytic reaction system, the degradation efficiencies of NOR and RhB are all decreased, 42 By virtue of the obtained results of LC-MS measurements, the possible degradation pathways of NOR and RhB can be deduced. The structural formulas of the intermediate products corresponding to the mass−charge ratios were obtained.…”

“…The work function derived from the UPS spectrum helps to determine the Fermi level position of a semiconductor sample. 41,42 The Fermi edge (E Fermi) as well as the secondary electron cutoff edge (E cutoff) of the sample could be obtained from Figure 14a− the electrons react with O 2 to produce •O 2 ̅ and holes react with H 2 O to generate •OH. 42 By virtue of the obtained results of LC-MS measurements, the possible degradation pathways of NOR and RhB can be deduced.…”

“…41,42 The Fermi edge (E Fermi) as well as the secondary electron cutoff edge (E cutoff) of the sample could be obtained from Figure 14a− the electrons react with O 2 to produce •O 2 ̅ and holes react with H 2 O to generate •OH. 42 By virtue of the obtained results of LC-MS measurements, the possible degradation pathways of NOR and RhB can be deduced. The structural formulas of the intermediate products corresponding to the mass−charge ratios were obtained.…”