Step-By-Step Instructions for Retina Recordings with Perforated Multi Electrode Arrays

Reinhard, Katja; Tikidji-Hamburyan, Alexandra; Seitter, Hartwig; Idrees, Saad; Marion, Mathieu; Benkner, Boris; Münch, Thomas A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106148

Cited by 58 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The bath application of the voltage‐gated sodium channel blocker TTX completely silenced the recordings (Figure E,F), confirming that the acquired signals exclusively reflected sodium‐dependent action potentials. This finding also highlights one of the known advantages of the pMEA system: the high signal‐to‐noise ratio …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Changes in neuronal activity across the mouse ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in response to low glucose: Evaluation using an extracellular multi‐electrode array approach

Hanna

Kawalek

Beall

et al. 2020

J Neuroendocrinology

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The hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN) is involved in maintaining systemic glucose homeostasis. Neurophysiological studies in rodent brain slices have identified populations of VMN glucose‐sensing neurones: glucose‐excited (GE) neurones, cells which increased their firing rate in response to increases in glucose concentration, and glucose‐inhibited (GI) neurones, which show a reduced firing frequency in response to increasing glucose concentrations. To date, most slice electrophysiological studies characterising VMN glucose‐sensing neurones in rodents have utilised the patch clamp technique. Multi‐electrode arrays (MEAs) are a state‐of‐the‐art electrophysiological tool enabling the electrical activity of many cells to be recorded across multiple electrode sites (channels) simultaneously. We used a perforated MEA (pMEA) system to evaluate electrical activity changes across the dorsal‐ventral extent of the mouse VMN region in response to alterations in glucose concentration. Because intrinsic (ie, direct postsynaptic sensing) and extrinsic (ie, presynaptically modulated) glucosensation were not discriminated, we use the terminology ‘GE/presynaptically excited by an increase (PER)’ and ‘GI/presynaptically excited by a decrease (PED)’ in the present study to describe responsiveness to changes in extracellular glucose across the mouse VMN. We observed that 15%‐60% of channels were GE/PER, whereas 2%‐7% were GI/PED channels. Within the dorsomedial portion of the VMN (DM‐VMN), significantly more channels were GE/PER compared to the ventrolateral portion of the VMN (VL‐VMN). However, GE/PER channels within the VL‐VMN showed a significantly higher basal firing rate in 2.5 mmol l‐1 glucose than DM‐VMN GE/PER channels. No significant difference in the distribution of GI/PED channels was observed between the VMN subregions. The results of the present study demonstrate the utility of the pMEA approach for evaluating glucose responsivity across the mouse VMN. pMEA studies could be used to refine our understanding of other neuroendocrine systems by examining population level changes in electrical activity across brain nuclei, thus providing key functional neuroanatomical information to complement and inform the design of single‐cell neurophysiological studies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Changes in neuronal activity across the mouse ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in response to low glucose: Evaluation using an extracellular multi‐electrode array approach

Hanna

Kawalek

Beall

et al. 2020

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…In a subset of our recordings (9 of 18 retinas), raw voltage data (sampled at 10 kHz with no filtering) were recorded for each electrode in addition to the filtered spike data acquired through MCRack. The raw voltage data were processed in MATLAB by low pass filtering (20 Hz cutoff) and averaged across trials to produce average LFP waveforms4849.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential stimulation of the retina with subretinally injected exogenous neurotransmitter: A biomimetic alternative to electrical stimulation

Rountree

Inayat

Troy

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Subretinal stimulation of the retina with neurotransmitters, the normal means of conveying visual information, is a potentially better alternative to electrical stimulation widely used in current retinal prostheses for treating blindness from photoreceptor degenerative diseases. Yet, no subretinal electrical or chemical stimulation study has stimulated the OFF and ON pathways differentially through inner retinal activation. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of differentially stimulating retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) through the inner nuclear layer of the retina with glutamate, a primary neurotransmitter chemical, in a biomimetic way. We show that controlled pulsatile delivery of glutamate into the subsurface of explanted wild-type rat retinas elicits highly localized simultaneous inhibitory and excitatory spike rate responses in OFF and ON RGCs. We also present the spatiotemporal characteristics of RGC responses to subretinally injected glutamate and the therapeutic stimulation parameters. Our findings could pave the way for future development of a neurotransmitter-based subretinal prosthesis offering more naturalistic vision and better visual acuity than electrical prostheses.

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“…1A) were placed on flat 60-electrode MEAs, 19 and the spiking activity of ganglion cells was qualitatively assessed for each electrode (Fig. 1B).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothermia Promotes Survival of Ischemic Retinal Ganglion Cells

Reinhard

Marion

Gustafsson

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: Reinhard K, Mutter M, Gustafsson E, et al. Hypothermia promotes survival of ischemic retinal ganglion cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57:658-663. DOI:10.1167/ iovs.15-17751 PURPOSE. Ischemic stroke in retinal arteries leads to death of neural tissue and ultimately to blindness. The retina is known to die within 4 hours after onset of ischemia. It is debated whether hypothermia might increase the time window for medical treatment and thereby the chance of recovering sight. In order to characterize the time course of cell death during ischemia and potential beneficial effects of hypothermia in more detail, we investigated the survival of ganglion cells in ischemic pig and human retina as a function of time and temperature.METHODS. Eyes were obtained from minipigs and from human donors post mortem. Enucleated minipig eyes were stored for defined durations at three different temperatures (378C, 218C, and 48C). In order to assess the viability of the tissue, we measured ganglion cell activity (spiking) with multielectrode arrays. RESULTS.Minipig retinal ganglion cell function was severely compromised after 2 hours of ischemia at body temperature. After 4 hours, ganglion cells did not fire action potentials anymore. However, at 218C, ganglion cell activity was maintained under ischemic conditions for up to 12 hours, and for at least 50 hours at 48C. In postmortem human retina, we recorded ganglion cell activity in retinas received up to 27 hours after death.CONCLUSIONS. Our results demonstrate that hypothermia greatly increases survival of retinal ganglion cells exposed to ischemia. These results might be relevant for the future treatment of retinal ischemia.

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Step-By-Step Instructions for Retina Recordings with Perforated Multi Electrode Arrays

Cited by 58 publications

References 12 publications

Changes in neuronal activity across the mouse ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in response to low glucose: Evaluation using an extracellular multi‐electrode array approach

Changes in neuronal activity across the mouse ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in response to low glucose: Evaluation using an extracellular multi‐electrode array approach

Differential stimulation of the retina with subretinally injected exogenous neurotransmitter: A biomimetic alternative to electrical stimulation

Hypothermia Promotes Survival of Ischemic Retinal Ganglion Cells

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