Step by Step Construction of Multifunctional Hollow Double Shell MNPs@MOF as a Powerful Tandem/Cascade Catalyst

Abstract

The development of efficient heterogeneous catalysts for one-pot tandem/cascade synthesis of imines remains meaningful and challenging. Herein, we constructed an Au/MOF catalyst featured hollow and double MOF shell nanostructure. Owing to its structural merits and acid-basic nature, the as-synthesized Void|(Au)ZIF-8|ZIF-8 catalyst exhibited an enhanced synergistically catalytic performance for tandem catalytic synthesis of imines from benzyl alcohol and aniline under air atmosphere and solvent-free condition. Its 170.16 h−1 of turnover frequency (TOF) was 2.5 times higher than that of the reported catalyst with the highest TOF value.

Recent strategies for constructing hierarchical multicomponent nanoparticles/metal–organic framework hybrids and their applications

“…Rattle-type nanohybrids with multiple nanoparticles as the cores inside a hollow shell have attracted signicant attention among the complex hollow nanoarchitecture owing to their various advantages, including quicker mass transfer than that of their solid counterparts, appealing architectures, and tunable chemical and physical properties. [62][63][64][65][66][67][68] An early example of rattle-type NPNS@MOF nanohybrids was reported by Wang et al, in which the "ship-around-the-bottle" approach was employed through self-assembly of the Pd precursor and ZIF-8 with the help of a PS template to construct the rattle-type Pd-NPNS@MOF nanostructures (Fig. 11).…”

Beyond Pristine Metal–Organic Frameworks: Preparation of Hollow MOFs and Their Composites for Catalysis, Sensing, and Adsorption Removal Applications

“…A similarly effective heterogeneous catalyst has been employed with a double-shell hollow MOF. For example, an Au/MOF possessing a double shell was successfully synthesized and used for the tandem catalytic synthesis of imines from benzyl alcohol and aniline under air atmosphere and solvent-free conditions [64]. The highest turnover frequency recorded was 170 h −1 , and the conversion rate and selectivity were above 99%.…”

Pd–IL@H-UiO-66-NH2: a hollow multi-functional hierarchical composite for tandem catalysis

“…[22][23][24][25][26][27] However, the large distances that exist between different active sites in pristine core-shell structures can significantly limit the efficiency of mass transfer and the accessibility of active sites. 28,29 Materials comprised of hollow structures with abundant internal voids and tunable outer shells are a special class of core-shell structures. [30][31][32][33][34] The hollow shells in these materials can serve as locations to isolate active centers in the form of nanoreactors, which should enable the fast transfer of substrates and prohibit leaching of active sites through the confinement effects.…”