Stent Grafts for Central Venous Occlusive Disease in Patients with Ipsilateral Hemodialysis Access

Paclitaxel-Coated Balloons for the Treatment of Symptomatic Central Venous Stenosis in Dialysis Access: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

“…The use of stent grafts has been proposed as an alternative to BMS placement. Results from a retrospective study by Verstandig et al (13) showed a primary patency rate of 40% at 1 year. Falk et al (12) explored the use of stent grafts for the treatment of in-stent restenosis compared with balloon angioplasty.…”

“…Placement of a bare metal stent (BMS) is proposed in these "bailout" cases and in cases in which restenosis occurs in less than 3 months after conventional balloon angioplasty (CBA), and has been reported to be associated with assisted patency rates between 33% and 56% at 1 year (10,11). Data from recently published studies suggest stent grafts as a valid alternative for persistent CVS even in the setting of in-stent restenosis (12,13).…”

Central Venous Stenosis Is More Often Symptomatic in Hemodialysis Patients with Grafts Compared with Fistulas

“…It is estimated that 25%-40% of patients with end-stage renal disease receiving hemodialysis have CVS (1), and this estimated prevalence has changed little since before the widespread transition from subclavian to jugular access for hemodialysis catheters (2). As a result of this high incidence, the focus in the literature has been on what can be done to treat CVS effectively and whether or not it is beneficial to treat CVS in asymptomatic patients (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

“…The focus of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Fistula First Breakthrough Initiative (FFBI) has also been prevention, such as through avoidance of transvenous cardiac rhythm devices, in addition to reinforcing existing K/DOQI recommendations regarding avoiding subclavian catheterization and ideally avoiding catheters altogether (Fistula First Catheter Last [FFCL]). Among the main reasons that the emphasis in K/DOQI and FFBI has been on prevention are the relatively poor results associated with treatment of CVS, whether using percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), stents and stent grafts, or surgery (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Dialysis Catheter-Related Superior Vena Cava Syndrome with Patent Vena Cava: Long Term Efficacy of Unilateral Viatorr Stent-Graft Avoiding Catheter Manipulation

“…Stent-grafts, used more recently, have shown promising medium and long term results in retrospective single-centre studies in terms of target vessel (39-100% primary patency and 80-100% cumulative patency at 9-12 months) and access circuit patencies (85-94% primary cumulative patency at 12 months) (4, 5, 6, 7). …”