Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Burkholderia cepacia

Safdar, Amar

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-4801-3.00222-8

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…B. cepacia , a gram-negative, aerobic bacterium that survives in aqueous environments, primarily causes respiratory tract infections. Although it is not typically associated with severe life-threatening infections, B. cepacia can cause infections in immunodeficient patients or those with underlying conditions [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Burkholderia cepacia is a type of bacteria known to cause respiratory infections, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems or pre-existing lung conditions [ 8 ]. In this case report, we present an instance of a myasthenic crisis induced by B. cepacia , which has not been previously reported as a trigger for a myasthenic crisis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The First Case of Burkholderia cepacia-Induced Myasthenic Crisis

Şahin,

Aydın,

Asiltürk

et al. 2023

Cureus

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We report the case of a 62-year-old male patient with a previous diagnosis of myasthenia gravis who experienced a myasthenic crisis due to a lower respiratory tract infection caused by Burkholderia cepacia . The patient was admitted to the neuro-intensive care unit and received ventilatory support to address respiratory insufficiency. Treatment included tigecycline and piperacillin-tazobactam for the suspected bacterial infection, as well as targeted management for the myasthenic crisis. Following a successful recovery and favorable clinical response, this case report aims to contribute to the literature by discussing the patient’s presentation and exploring the incidence and characteristics of B. cepacia -related myasthenic crisis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Case of Burkholderia cepacia-Induced Myasthenic Crisis

Şahin,

Aydın,

Asiltürk

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…The development of secondary HLH in infections may be due to an inability to suppress or clear intracellular infections resulting in persistent activation of antigen presenting cells and CD8(+) T cells and increased production of cytokines. Secondary HLH is a potentially fatal complication of Burkholderia cepacia infection and has been reported in patients with chronic granulomatous disease [1, 2]. There are very few reported cases of HLH due to Burkholderia pseudomallei [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to Burkholderia pseudomallei in a primigravida

al Waseem,

Antony,

Suresh

et al. 2023

Access Microbiology

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Introduction. Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a Gram-negative, saprophytic bacillus, commonly found in soil or contaminated water. As infection with this bacterium produces a wide variety of clinical manifestations the organism is aptly called the ‘great mimicker’. Even though it is non-fastidious and an easily cultivable organism, it can be misidentified in automated identification systems. Case report. A 24-year-old primigravida presented with complaints of fever and myalgia of 45 days’ duration. She was diagnosed to have haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) based on clinical and laboratory parameters. Blood and bone marrow culture sent to the microbiology laboratory grew non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli which were misidentified as Burkholderia cepacia by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technology. It was subsequently identified as B. pseudomallei by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The patient was commenced on intensive phase therapy with intravenous ceftazidime for 2 weeks, followed by maintenance therapy with oral trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for 3 months. In view of HLH, she was treated with intravenous dexamethasone for 2 weeks which was later switched to oral dexamethasone for a period of 6 weeks. She responded well to the treatment, but had to undergo medical termination of her pregnancy as there was severe intrauterine growth restriction of the fetus. Conclusion. Prognosis of melioidosis is excellent if early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment is provided. In this era of automation, it is important to determine if the suspected pathogen is listed in the database of the automated identification system.

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Resurgence of global opportunistic multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Gupta

Kale

Khillan

2018

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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Context:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a known nosocomial pathogen which is intrinsically resistant to multiple antibiotics. In India, S. maltophilia infection has only few case reports.Aim:To determine the incidence of S. maltophilia infection from clinical isolates based on the specimen type, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and impact on outcome.Settings and Design:One-year retrospective study was done at a tertiary liver care center.Methods:Patients with S. maltophilia isolation in clinical samples were selected. Serial levels of serum procalcitonin and total leukocyte count were recorded. Environmental surveillance was done from the wards of S. maltophilia isolation as part of routine practice.Statistical Analysis:Continuous data were compared using Kruskal–Wallis test/Mann–Whitney test. The categorical data were compared by Chi-square/Fisher's exact test, wherever necessary. Besides this, an appropriate analysis like survival was carried out at the time of data analysis.Results:One hundred isolates were obtained from eighty patients of six wards. The greatest number (44/100, 44%) were from the Liver Coma Intensive Care Unit and the lowest (3/100) from the day care. Isolation from the respiratory samples was 1.32% and bloodstream infection 0.6%. Of 100 isolates, 12 (12%) were resistant to both trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin.Conclusion:S. maltophilia was effectively isolated from the hospital environment, with two of hand impression and three of water samples’ positive. Patients with respiratory infection had most S. maltophilia isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility revealed more resistance than reported in this region.

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Burkholderia cepacia

Cited by 4 publications

References 226 publications

The First Case of Burkholderia cepacia-Induced Myasthenic Crisis

The First Case of Burkholderia cepacia-Induced Myasthenic Crisis

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to Burkholderia pseudomallei in a primigravida

Resurgence of global opportunistic multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

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