Stenotrophomonas isolates in a tertiary care centre in South India

Jacob, Amita; Iyadurai, Ramya; Punitha, J.V.; Chacko, Binila; Jasmine, Sudha; Bharathy, Muruga; Mathew, Divya; Veeraraghavan, Balaji

doi:10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.11.004

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The clinical epidemiology of the emerging NFGNB from recent studies is summarized in Table 1[45,46,61,70,72–97].…”

Section: Infections In Immunocompromised Hostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current viewpoint on the epidemiology of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacterial strains

Koulenti,

Vandana,

Rello

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of review This article aims to review the epidemiology of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) based on recent literature reports, particularly, of the less common, but with emerging clinical significance species. Recent findings The reported frequency of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is increasing, with very significant variability, however, between different countries. Apart from the major NFGNB, that is, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, already recognized as of critical importance healthcare risks, several other NFGNB genera have been increasingly associated with diverse severe infections, such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia spp., Elizabethkingia spp., Chryseobacterium spp., Achromobacter spp., Alcaligenes spp., Sphingomonas spp., Shewanella spp. and Ralstonia spp., among others. Summary The exploration of the epidemiology, as well as the pathogenic potential of the of the less frequent, but emerging and increasingly reported NFGNB, is crucial, not only for immunocompromised patients, but also for critically ill patients without overt immunosuppression. As we are heading fast towards a postantibiotic era, such information would contribute to the optimal antimicrobial management, that is, providing prompt, appropriate antimicrobial coverage when needed and, at the same time, avoiding overuse and/or inappropriate use of antimicrobial therapy. Also, it would help to better understand their transmission dynamics and to develop effective prevention strategies.

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“…The clinical epidemiology of the emerging NFGNB from recent studies is summarized in Table 1[45,46,61,70,72–97].…”

Section: Infections In Immunocompromised Hostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current viewpoint on the epidemiology of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacterial strains

Koulenti,

Vandana,

Rello

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a Gram-negative, opportunistic, nosocomial pathogen that can lead to severe systemic diseases, such as bacteremia, pneumonia, soft-tissue infections, and endocarditis, especially among immunocompromised patients [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In ocular infections, S. maltophilia could cause keratitis, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis, scleritis, and endophthalmitis, which may lead to ocular discomfort and visual impairment [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Ocular Infections

Sun

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is a Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen that can lead to ocular infections, such as keratitis and endophthalmitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of S. maltophilia isolates from ocular infections and to evaluate the differences in antibiotic MICs between keratitis and endophthalmitis isolates. The disc diffusion method revealed that S. maltophilia isolates exhibited 91% susceptibility to levofloxacin and moxifloxacin and 61% susceptibility to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX). The E-test indicated that S. maltophilia isolates exhibited 40%, 100%, 72%, 91%, 91%, and 93% susceptibility to ceftazidime, tigecycline, TMP–SMX, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin, respectively. The MIC90 values of amikacin, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, tigecycline, TMP–SMX, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin were >256, >256, >256, 3, >32, 1, 2, and 0.75 µg/mL, respectively. The geometric mean MICs of ceftazidime, TMP–SMX, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin were significantly lower for the keratitis isolates than for the endophthalmitis isolates (p = 0.0047, 0.003, 0.0029, 0.0003, and 0.0004, respectively). Fluoroquinolones showed higher susceptibility and lower MICs for the S. maltophilia isolates when compared with other antibiotics. Fluoroquinolones can be recommended for treating S. maltophilia ocular infections. Tigecycline and TMP–SMX could be alternative antibiotics for S. maltophilia ocular infections.

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Antibacterial Susceptibility Pattern of S. maltophilia Isolates at A Tertiary Care Hospital, India

Namaji,

Bhat,

Dixit

et al. 2023

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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A sudden emergence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia as a primary pathogen both in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals has raised a serious concern, as it is associated with significant case fatality ratio. We intended to study the clinico-microbiological profile of S. maltophilia isolates from various samples and outcome of the infections in a tertiary healthcare center, Pune, India. This is an observational cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2022 at Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care Centre in Pune, India. Of the 12049 samples received for culture, S. maltophilia was isolated in 57 samples. Only 42 samples with pure growth of S. maltophilia were included in the study with 15 excluded due to mixed growth. All isolates were confirmed by VITEK-MS (bioMerieux, SA, France) which uses Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) technology. Of the 42 isolates, majority were isolated from pus(28.6%) and most of patients (61.9%) were from acute health care settings. The isolates had high susceptibility to Cotrimoxazole (85.7%) and Minocycline (85.7%) and low susceptibility to Ceftazidime (45.2%). A case fatality rate of 7.1% (3/42 cases) was noted and 39 cases were discharged after complete treatment. All the three fatal cases were susceptible to levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole and minocycline and all three fatal cases were resistant to ceftazidime. S. maltophilia has recently shown an increase in nosocomial infections especially in acute healthcare settings like ICU and other critical care wards. The isolates of the present study had high susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SXT) and Minocycline and low susceptible to Ceftazidime.

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Stenotrophomonas isolates in a tertiary care centre in South India

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Current viewpoint on the epidemiology of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacterial strains

Current viewpoint on the epidemiology of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacterial strains

Antibiotic Susceptibility and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Ocular Infections

Antibacterial Susceptibility Pattern of S. maltophilia Isolates at A Tertiary Care Hospital, India

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