Stemflow acid neutralization capacity in a broadleaved deciduous forest: The role of edge effects

Shiklomanov, Alexey; Levia, Delphis F.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.011

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Throughfall is enriched with nutrients that accumulate in forest canopies during antecedent dry periods which are subsequently washed off, and also leached from plant surfaces during rainfall [48][49][50]. Species-level differences in throughfall have been observed across a range of forest functional types [51][52][53], and recent work has linked canopy-derived nutrient inputs with soil microbiological communities [54][55][56][57]. For example, presence of canopy epiphytes increased nutrient fluxes in throughfall and led to differences in abundance of ammonia-oxidizing soil bacteria, compared to soils underneath trees where epiphytes were not present [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Throughfall among Oak and Co-Occurring Non-Oak Tree Species in an Upland Hardwood Forest

2019

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Canopy throughfall comprises the largest portion of net precipitation that is delivered to the forest floor. This water flux is highly variable across space and time and is influenced by species composition, canopy foliage, stand structure, and storm meteorological characteristics. In upland forests throughout the central hardwoods region of the Eastern United States, a compositional shift is occurring from oak-hickory to more mesic, shade-tolerant species such as red maple, sweetgum, and winged elm. To better understand the impacts of this shift on throughfall flux and the hydrologic budget, we monitored throughfall for one year in Northern Mississippi under the crowns of midstory and overstory oak (post oak and southern red oak) and non-oak species (hickory, red maple, and winged elm). In general, oak had more throughfall than co-occurring non-oak species in both canopy levels. In the overstory during the leaf-off canopy phase, white oak had relatively higher throughfall partitioning (standardized z-score = 0.54) compared to all other species (z-score = −0.02) (p = 0.004), while in the leaf-on canopy phase, red maple had relatively lower throughfall (z-score = −0.36) partitioning compared to all other species (z-score = 0.11). In the midstory, red maple was the only species to exhibit a difference in throughfall between canopy phases, with much lower throughfall in the leaf-off compared to the leaf-on canopy phase (z-score = −0.30 vs. 0.202, p = 0.039). Additionally, throughfall under oak crowns was less variable than under non-oak crowns. These results provide evidence that the spatial and temporal distribution of throughfall inputs under oak crowns are different than non-oak species, likely due to differences in crown architecture (i.e., depth and density). As oak dominance diminishes in these forests, it is possible that the portion of rainfall diverted to throughfall may decrease as well. The net impacts to watershed hydrology are still unknown, but these results provide one mechanism by which the distribution of water resources may be affected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Throughfall among Oak and Co-Occurring Non-Oak Tree Species in an Upland Hardwood Forest

2019

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“…Increased soil acidity near stems has been attributed to a lower pH in stemflow than in rainfall, often with particular attention to the effect of acidic air pollution in the 1970s to 1990s (Neite and Runge, 1986;Falkengren-Grerup, 1989;Rampazzo and Blum, 1992). Without pollution, however, stemflow has also been observed to be more alkaline than rainfall (Jung and Chang, 2013;Shiklomanov and Levia, 2014). At this study's site, stemflow pH is very similar to rainfall, with a tendency to be more alkaline [data not shown, see also Tischer et al (2020) for neighboring site].…”

Section: Altered Soil Properties Indicate Accelerated Soil Formation At Tree-induced Soil Micrositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stemflow Infiltration Hotspots Create Soil Microsites Near Tree Stems in an Unmanaged Mixed Beech Forest

Metzger

Filipzik

Michalzik

et al. 2021

Front. For. Glob. Change

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In stemflow, rainfall is collected and channeled to a concentrated soil water input. It can constitute up to 30% of incident precipitation in some ecosystems. However, the size of the zone influenced by stemflow is unclear, and statistically representative measurement of stemflow (on and in between sites) is scarce. Therefore, whether stemflow creates hotspots of infiltration and potential impacts on forest soils remain subject to controversy. In this study, we investigated the areal dimension of infiltrating stemflow fluxes as well as effects on near-stem soils. We measured throughfall, stemflow and soil properties in high-resolution statistical designs on a mixed forest plot in Germany receiving moderate stemflow. From this data, we modeled the spatial distribution of net precipitation infiltration depth on the plot. Furthermore, we examined soil chemical and physical properties around tree stems to test for and assess a stemflow impact. Results show that stemflow infiltration areas are much smaller than typically assumed and constitute strong infiltration hotspots compared to throughfall. This is also mirrored in soil properties, which are significantly altered near stems. Here, accelerated soil formation and enhanced translocation processes indicate increased soil water fluxes due to high inputs. Additionally, altered soil hydraulic properties enable quicker soil water fluxes near stems. Our findings attest that even comparatively low stemflow fractions (of gross precipitation) can generate strong hotspots of water and matter inputs, which are impactful to subsequent hydrological and biogeochemical processes and properties. Trees shape their direct soil environment, thereby establishing pathways of preferential water flow connecting the canopy and the deeper subsurface.

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“…Prior work has shown that edge effects can have a differential impact on throughfall chemistry [e.g., Devlaeminck et al ., ], but does this hold true for stemflow and what impact might it have on DOM character of stemflow? A recent study on the acid neutralization capacity of stemflow of yellow poplar in a fairly rural site in the eastern United States has shown that edge trees have a statistically significant higher acid neutralization capacity than yellow poplar trees in the forest interior [ Shiklomanov and Levia , ]. The authors contend that the observed buffering capacity is location specific and that the effective scavenging and interception of atmospheric particulates could very well lead to a lower acid neutralization capacity of edge trees in urban areas.…”

Section: Stemflow: Dissolved Organic and Particulate Matter Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of stemflow generation dynamics and stemflow‐environment interactions in forests and shrublands

Levia

Germer

2015

Reviews of Geophysics

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289

271

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Many geoscientists now recognize stemflow as an important phenomenon which can exert considerable effects on the hydrology, biogeochemistry, and ecology of wooded ecosystems and shrublands. Despite the explosive growth of stemflow research, until this review there has been no comprehensive attempt to summarize and synthesize this literature since 2003. Topical areas of substantive new knowledge in stemflow research include the following: (1) the interrelationships among stemflow and meteorological conditions, especially within individual rain events; (2) the dynamic interplay between stemflow and canopy structure; (3) stemflow and the cycling of solutes and transport of particulate matter; (4) stemflow and its interactions with canopy fungi and corticolous lichens; and (5) stemflow-soil interactions. Each of these five topical areas of substantive new stemflow research is summarized and synthesized, with areas of future research opportunities discussed. In addition, we have reviewed the parameters which can be used to describe stemflow and critically evaluate their utility for different purposes. This review makes a call for scientists studying stemflow to utilize common metrics in an effort to increase the cross-site comparability of stemflow studies. Capitalizing on the insights of prior research, exciting research opportunities await hydrologists, biogeoscientists, and forest ecologists who will conduct studies to deepen our knowledge of stemflow which will enable a better and more accurate framing of stemflow in the larger context of watershed hydrology and biogeochemistry.

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Stemflow acid neutralization capacity in a broadleaved deciduous forest: The role of edge effects

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Throughfall among Oak and Co-Occurring Non-Oak Tree Species in an Upland Hardwood Forest

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Throughfall among Oak and Co-Occurring Non-Oak Tree Species in an Upland Hardwood Forest

Stemflow Infiltration Hotspots Create Soil Microsites Near Tree Stems in an Unmanaged Mixed Beech Forest

A review of stemflow generation dynamics and stemflow‐environment interactions in forests and shrublands

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