Stem cell therapies for spinal cord injury

Sahni, Vibhu; Kessler, John A.

doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2010.73

Cited by 211 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Many studies have evaluated the transplantation effects of a variety of stem cells in SCI models 11 . We have recently isolated adult neural stem cells from the Sub-Ventricular Zone (SVZ) several hours after death of the mouse donor [12][13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Carelli

Giallongo

Gerace

et al. 2014

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Spinal cord injury is a devastating clinical condition, characterized by a complex of neurological dysfunctions. Animal models of spinal cord injury can be used both to investigate the biological responses to injury and to test potential therapies. Contusion or compression injury delivered to the surgically exposed spinal cord are the most widely used models of the pathology. In this report the experimental contusion is performed by using the Infinite Horizon (IH) Impactor device, which allows the creation of a reproducible injury animal model through definition of specific injury parameters. Stem cell transplantation is commonly considered a potentially useful strategy for curing this debilitating condition. Numerous studies have evaluated the effects of transplanting a variety of stem cells. Here we demonstrate an adapted method for spinal cord injury followed by tail vein injection of cells in CD1 mice. In short, we provide procedures for: i) cell labeling with a vital tracer, ii) pre-operative care of mice, iii) execution of a contusive spinal cord injury, and iv) intravenous administration of post mortem neural precursors. This contusion model can be utilized to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stem cell transplantation in a regenerative medicine approach. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Carelli

Giallongo

Gerace

et al. 2014

JoVE

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“…Cells in a different environment may multiply, form tumors, or leave the site of origin and migrate somewhere else in the body. 4,5 In this case report, we postulate that intrathecal administration of neural stem cells may have induced inflammatory hypertrophy of lumbar nerve roots, leading to a predominantly sensory polyradiculopathy. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 There is no way to know how many unregistered and uncontrolled treatments are offered in "notorious" stem cell clinics for chronic conditions that range from rejuvenation to cerebral palsy, stroke, Parkinson disease, traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [2][3][4][5] Along with increased research, more and more patients are seeking stem cell therapy before the safety and efficacy of such treatments have been established. Some experts have concerns that the hope and expectations patients have for cures cannot be met.…”

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confidence: 99%

Erratum: Inflammatory hypertrophic cauda equina following intrathecal neural stem cell injection

2013

Muscle and Nerve

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Introduction: Potential benefit from stem cell treatments has more patients seeking treatment without understanding possible risks. Methods: We describe a woman who presented with progressive bilateral leg pain, numbness, and gait difficulties. A prior stroke, macular degeneration, osteoarthritis, and depression, led her to receive intrathecal neural stem cell therapy overseas 1 year before onset of symptoms. Results: Imaging showed marked enlargement of lumbosacral roots of the cauda equina, which was not seen before stem cell treatment. Electrodiagnostic studies confirmed chronic multiple lumbosacral radiculopathies. Biopsy of a lumbar dorsal sensory root showed myelinated fiber degeneration and loss, with endoneurial inflammation. The hypertrophic inflammatory cauda equina syndrome was potentially triggered by the prior intrathecal neural stem cell injection. Conclusions: Safety of intrathecal stem cell treatments is not regulated routinely in overseas stem cell facilities. We wish to bring this potential complication to the attention of health care providers. 48: 831-835, 2013 The potential benefit for stem cell therapy to repair, restore, replace, and regenerate damaged tissues has many patients with chronic neurological conditions excited about possible treatments. Research in this area continues to grow throughout the world. The U.S. National Institute of Health reports over 45 registered trials world-wide that relate to stem cell therapy and spinal cord injury alone. Muscle Nerve1 There is no way to know how many unregistered and uncontrolled treatments are offered in "notorious" stem cell clinics for chronic conditions that range from rejuvenation to cerebral palsy, stroke, Parkinson disease, traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.2-5 Along with increased research, more and more patients are seeking stem cell therapy before the safety and efficacy of such treatments have been established. Some experts have concerns that the hope and expectations patients have for cures cannot be met. This may leave patients vulnerable to nonregulated providers of stem cell treatments that are potentially harmful. 3,6 Stem cells have 3 fundamental properties. First, they have a high proliferative potential. Second, they are capable of self-renewal. Third, they have the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types.These properties are what make stem cell therapy so attractive, especially in the setting of central nervous system injury, such as acute spinal cord injury, prior stroke, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, these same properties, without a full understanding or control of their subsequent activities, are what potentially make stem cell therapy dangerous. Cells in a different environment may multiply, form tumors, or leave the site of origin and migrate somewhere else in the body. 4,5 In this case report, we postulate that intrathecal administration of neural stem cells may have induced inflammatory hypertroph...

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“…Of all endogenous responses that involve cell proliferation and migration into the SCI epicenter, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are among the most relevant and best described (Jones et aI., 2002;Thuret et aI., 2006;McTigue and Tripathi, 2008;Sahni and Kessler, 2010). However, there are number of CNS diseases whose pathogenesis includes OL death and subsequent failure of endogenous OPCs to lead a complete remyelinative response.…”

Section: Oligodendrocytes In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Near the injury epicenter, a rim of intact, myelinated axonal tracts is often present (Sahni and Kessler, 2010).…”

Section: Sci Incidence and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Histone deacetylase inhibition-mediated cytotoxicity of oligodendrocytes.

Dincman¹,

Ali²

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Stem cell therapies for spinal cord injury

Cited by 211 publications

References 125 publications

Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Erratum: Inflammatory hypertrophic cauda equina following intrathecal neural stem cell injection

Histone deacetylase inhibition-mediated cytotoxicity of oligodendrocytes.

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